【摘要】 研究深海黏土硫酸浸出液中稀土元素钇（Y）与杂质的萃取分离技术,并确定P204萃取分离工艺方案,系统考察P204萃取剂浓度、溶液酸度、萃取时间等对萃取的影响,绘制萃取等温线并对反萃方案进行探索.结果表明:深海粘土硫酸浸出液经磷酸法除铁后,可采用P204萃取Y³⁺,在最佳条件下:5%（体积分数）P204作为萃取剂,料液pH=2.5,萃取时间2 min,萃取温度25℃,萃取相比（O/A）1∶1,Y³⁺单级萃取率可达98%以上,其萃取饱和容量接近400 mg/L,按O/A=1∶4经过4级逆流萃取,Y³⁺萃取率可达98%以上.用7 mol/L HCl和150 g/L的硫酸均可实现Y³⁺的高效反萃,反萃率分别为99.98%和99.85%.更多还原

【Abstract】 The extraction and separation between rare earth elements yttrium( Y) and impurities in sulfuric acid leaching solution of deep sea clay were studied. The P204 extraction and separation process was identified and the effects of P204 extractant concentration,acidity of solution and extraction time in extraction process were investigated,the extraction isotherm was drawn and the extraction scheme was explored. The results show that P204 can be used to extract Y after removing Iron by Iron phosphate,and under the optimum conditions: choose the 5%( volume fraction) P204 as extractant,leaching liquor pH was 2. 5,extraction time was 2 minutes,extraction temperature was 25℃ and extraction phase ratio with O/A 1∶ 1,Y single stage extraction rate can reach more than 98%,the extraction saturation capacity was closed to 400 mg/L,press O/A = 1∶ 4 after 4 stage counter-current extraction,the extraction rate of Y is over 98%. 7 mol/L HCl and 150 g/L sulphuric acid all can realized the stripping of Y,and the stripping rates were 99. 98% and 99. 85%.更多还原