【摘要】 目的回顾2018年初湖北省低温雨雪冰冻自然灾害卫生应急响应工作,为今后灾害卫生应急准备和响应提供借鉴。方法成立省低温冰冻气象灾害卫生应急指挥部,加强应急值守和信息报送,开展紧急医学救援、医疗保障、疾病防控和健康教育。结果医疗单位开辟绿色通道619个,救治伤病人员21 404人。流行性感冒发病率34.34/10万,较2017年同期活动水平呈显著上升趋势;水痘、流行性腮腺炎、猩红热、麻疹等呼吸道传染病报告发病数低,较去年同期呈上升趋势;报告非职业性一氧化碳中毒突发公共卫生事件1起;无灾害事件相关信息报告。结论适时启动低温雨雪冰冻气象灾害卫生应急响应,可确保救灾防病任务的完成。今后需继续开展基层卫生应急准备能力建设,加强灾害救灾防病信息报送工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective The objective of this study was to provide references for future public health emergency preparedness and response to extreme weather disasters by reviewing the emergency response to severe cold surge, sleet and freezing rain disasters in Hubei province at the beginning of 2018. Methods A provincial-level health emergency headquarters responding to severe cold surge, sleet, and freezing rain disasters was established. Its responsibilities include situation monitoring, information submission, education and training in emergency medical rescue, medical guarantee, disease control and public health. Results Medical institutions set up 619 green passages and treated 21,404 cases. Influenza(morbidity 34.34/100,000) showed a remarkably upward trend compared with the same period in 2017; respiratory infectious diseases(such as varicella, mumps, scarlatina and measles) reported low morbidity, but also showed an upward trend compared with the same period last year; one case of non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning was reported; and no disaster-related public health incident was reported. Conclusions The health emergency response to extreme weather disasters should be initiated in time so as to complete the disaster relief and disease prevention tasks. We need to continue to build the capacity in health emergency preparedness at the primary community level and to improve situation monitoring and alerting services with regard to disaster relief and disease prevention.更多还原