【摘要】 为分析记满12分驾驶员的不当驾驶行为成因,以便有针对性地开展教育培训工作,选取包头市扣满12分的驾驶员为研究对象进行调查,利用驾驶行为、驾驶态度、驾驶技术和人格量表,获取了570份有效样本。通过探索性因子分析,将驾驶行为、驾驶态度和驾驶技术量表中的题目分别重组形成综合性指标。为研究不同性别司机不当驾驶行为的成因,将被调查驾驶员按照性别分类后进行聚类分析,分别得到3种不同类型的驾驶员群体及其对应的驾驶特性和人格属性得分。聚类分析结果表明,年龄较大、受教育程度较低且驾龄较短的男驾驶员驾驶技术较差;年龄较小、结婚率较低且驾龄较短的男驾驶员群体独立性得分较低,判断能力较差;年龄较小、驾龄较长的男驾驶员驾驶行为和驾驶态度存在问题。对于女性驾驶员来说,年龄较小、驾龄较长的女驾驶员独立性得分较低,判断能力也较差;年龄较大、驾龄较长的女驾驶员在驾驶行为、驾驶态度和驾驶技术三个方面都存在问题,同时自律性较差;年龄较小、教育程度较低且驾龄较短的女驾驶员驾驶技术较差。研究成果可以为多发不当驾驶行为驾驶员的培训教育和行为矫正提供参考,有助于对驾驶员进行针对性培训。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to analyze behavior of drivers who have been deducted points over 12 and develop effective training for them,aquestionnaire is designed based on scales of driving behavior,driving attitude,driving skill,and personality.570 valid questionnaires are collected from drivers who have been deducted points over 12 in the city of Baotou,China.Based on exploratory factor analysis,each question in different scales is reorganized to form a serious of comprehensive indices.In order to take impacts of gender on aberrant driving behaviors into account,a cluster analysis is conducted by different gender.The results of male drivers show that older male drivers with lower educational level and shorter driving age have poor performance in driving skill.While younger male drivers with lower marriage rate and shorter driving age tend to get lower score in driving independence,and show poor ability in decision-making.However,younger male drivers with longer driving age have problems in driving behaviors and driving attitude.The results of female drivers show that younger female drivers with longer driving age are more likely to perform poor in driving independence.The older female drivers with longer driving age have problems in driving behaviors,driving attitude,driving skill,and self-discipline.The younger female drivers with shorter driving age and lower education level perform poor in driving skills.The results of this study provide references for training to correct aberrant driving behaviors of drivers who deducted point over 12.更多还原