【摘要】 目的了解南京市不同水平空气污染区小学生鼻腔症状发生的差异。方法采取分层整群抽样原则,在南京市空气污染水平较重的A区和较轻的B区,各选取1~2所小学3~5年级学生进行健康影响问卷调查。采用Fisher确切概率法和卡方检验、多因素logistic回归分析对结果进行统计分析。结果 A区小学生鼻腔症状(35.0%)、流鼻血(5.1%)、打喷嚏(17.0%)的发生率分别高于B区(27.7%、1.9%、12.5%)。以空气污染较轻的B区小学生为参照,空气污染较重的A区小学生鼻腔相关症状、流鼻涕、鼻子痒干、鼻塞、流鼻血、打喷嚏等发生的危险性较高,OR值分别为1.478(95%CI:1.096~1.993)、1.161(95%CI:0.831~1.622)、1.565(95%CI:0.858~2.853)、1.710(95%CI:1.073~2.727)、2.797(95%CI:1.227~6.376)和1.727(95%CI:1.160~2.571)。结论空气污染水平与小学生健康状况有关,污染水平重会提高疾病和症状发生的危险性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the difference of nasal-related symptoms among primary school students in areas with different levels of air pollution in Nanjing.Methods The stratified cluster sampling principle was used,students of grade 3 to5 from 1 to 2 primary schools were selected to carry out the health impact questionnaire survey in the area A with heavier air pollution and area B with lighter air pollution.Fisher exact test,chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analysis the data.Results For primary school students in area A,the incidence of nasal symptoms(35.0%),nosebleeds(5.1%),sneezing symptoms(17.0%)were higher than those(27.7%,1.9%,12.5%,respectively)in area B.Taking students in area B as reference,the risks of nasal-related symptoms in primary school students were higher than that in area A,with OR values of 1.478(nasal-related symptoms,95%CI:1.096-1.993),1.161(running nose,95%CI:0.831-1.622),1.565(nose itching and dry,95%CI:0.858-2.853),1.710(nasal congestion,95%CI:1.073-2.727),2.797(nasal bleeding,95%CI:1.227-6.376)and 1.727(sneezing,95%CI:1.160-2.571),respectively.Conclusion Air pollution level is associated with the health status of primary school students.Heavy air pollution can increase the risks of diseases and symptoms.更多还原