【摘要】 用有效介质理论、在线性近似的基础下研究了含气泡黏性液体中线性声波的传播特性,主要调查声波的衰减系数和相位速度随各种因素的变化规律.在研究中充分考虑到液体的黏性对气泡的振动方程和声波的波动方程的影响.研究发现声波的共振吸收是由气泡的共振引起的,但是要受到气泡间相互作用的影响.这种相互作用不仅导致声波的共振吸收频率和气泡的共振频率之间的差异,还引起共振吸收频率半宽度的增大.在低频非共振吸收区,主要调查了黏性和气体的体积分数对声波传播的影响.此外我们把黏性对声波的影响方式分成两类,即通过气泡的振动方程和通过声波的波动方程.我们分析了两类方式所起的作用,并大致给出某些近似理论成立的条件.更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, propagation properties of linear acoustic waves in viscous liquids with bubbles are studied by using the effective medium theory. The attenuation coefficient and the phase velocity of waves are investigated. The influence of the viscosity on the wave equation and the vibration equation of bubble is considered. Research results show the resonance absorption of acoustic waves is caused by the resonance of bubble and influenced by the interaction of bubbles. The interaction results in the difference between the resonance absorption frequency of waves and the resonance frequency of bubble, and makes the frequency width of resonance absorption regions of waves become large. In nonresonance regions, the influence of the viscosity and the volume fraction of gas on low-frequency acoustic waves is investigated. The viscosity can influence acoustic waves through the wave equation and the vibration equation of bubble.We analyze the effect of the two ways, and give conditions for some approximation theories.更多还原