【摘要】 变压吸附法在捕集烟气中的CO₂这一领域中显示出强大的优越性,但实际电厂烟气含有少量的水蒸气,这对利用常规吸附剂捕集CO₂造成很大挑战。为解决上述瓶颈问题,改进变压吸附工艺以及开发对湿度不敏感、高效的吸附剂成为最主要的途径。本文详细介绍了两种常用的变压吸附工艺,即多层变压吸附及微波辅助真空再生法分离高湿烟气的研究进展,综述了近年来研发的适于捕集高湿烟气的高效吸附剂,系统阐述了各种吸附剂的物理化学特性及其吸附CO₂、H₂O的机制,并在此基础上讨论了变压吸附技术捕集高湿烟气时存在的问题,提出了研究展望。相信随着人们对变压吸附工艺的改进以及对新型高效吸附剂的进一步研发,必将显著降低捕集高湿烟气中CO₂的成本,这将对燃煤电厂等高湿CO₂排放源的温室气体减排具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pressure swing adsorption（ PSA） technology provides plenty of advantages for CO₂ capture from flue gas. However,flue gas always contain some water vapor,which causes a great challenge to capture CO₂ by using conventional adsorbents. To solve this bottleneck problem,improving pressure swing adsorption processes and developing novel moisture-insensitive adsorbents have become the most important ways. In this paper,novel processes for CO₂ capture from wet flue gases is introduced,which consist of multilayered adsorption processes and microwave assisted vacuum regeneration technologies. Furthermore,the recent research progress of effective adsorbents for CO₂ capture from wet gases is summarized. Their physicochemical properties as well as adsorption mechanisms of CO₂ and water vapor are systematically elucidated. Based on that,the problems existing in CO₂ capture from highly humid flue gas by pressure swing adsorption technologies are further discussed and follow-up studies are prospected. We believe that with the improvement of the PSA processes and development of noveladsorbents,the cost of CO₂ capture from wet flue gas will be further reduced in the near future,which is of great significance for greenhouse gases reduction from humid waste gases,such as flue gases from power plants and exhaust gases from factories.更多还原