【摘要】 从栽培措施来看,实现高产和提高水分利用效率,急需开展一种新的大田蓄水模式。本研究开展了垄作梯式生态稻作(RT)、垄厢生态稻作(B)和传统生态稻作(CK)三种微地形改造措施对稻田蓄水模式和水稻产量影响的田间试验,并测定了水稻干物质积累、产量及产量构成、垄和厢的参数。RT能提高自然降水的蓄积能力和通过干湿交替浸润灌溉提高土壤通气性。RT的水分蓄积量比CK高29%,主要蓄积在垄沟中。RT模式下不同品种(除2011年的黄华占外)的产量显著高于CK。RT模式下,2011和2012年的干物质积累总量分别比CK高16.5%和28.2%,齐穗前和齐穗后的干物质积累量变化不一致。因此,RT是一种有效的微地形改造措施,不仅改变了稻田蓄水模式,提高了蓄水能力,特别是自然降水的蓄积能力,而且还提高了水稻产量。更多还原

【Abstract】 From a perspective of cultivation measures, it was needed to develop a new paddy impoundment model to achieve higher rice yield with higher water utilization efficiency. This study was conducted to quantify the effect of ridgetillage terrace ecological rice farming(RT), bed ecological rice farming(B) and conventional ecological rice farming(CK) on the paddy impoundment model and rice yield, and determine dry matter accumulation(DMA), rice yield, yield component, and parameters of the ridge tillage and the bed. The RT could be used to achieve the dual improvement in the capacity of natural precipitation storage and in soil aeration by dry-wet alternation damp irrigation. Water storage capacity in the RT was 29% higher than that of the CK and most of the water was stored in the ditch. The grain yield of each of different rice cultivars(except the cultivar Huanghuazhan in 2011) in the RT was significantly higher than that of the CK. The total DMA in the RT was 16.5% in 2011 and 28.2% in 2012 higher than that of the CK, respectively. The variation of DMA before and after the full-heading stage among rice cultivars was inconsistent. Consequently, the RT was an effective measurement of microtopographic reestablishment for changing paddy impoundment model, increasing water storage capacity, especially the natural precipitation storage, and increasing rice yield.更多还原