【摘要】 为研究有机肥等碳施入稻田对温室气体排放的影响,设置猪粪、鸡粪和稻草分别与化肥混施处理,利用静态箱法-气相色谱仪监测稻田甲烷（CH₄）和氧化亚氮（N₂O）排放通量并进行分析。结果表明,化肥处理（CF）CH₄季节排放总量为271.47 kg/hm²,猪粪（PM）、鸡粪（CM）和稻草（RS）处理的CH₄排放分别比CF处理增加50.61、260.22和602.82 kg/hm²;CF处理N₂O排放为1.22 kg/hm²,PM、CM和RS处理的N₂O排放分别比CF处理减少23.6%（P<0.05）、31.7%（P<0.05）和30.9%（P<0.05）;CH₄季节排放通量与土壤Eh值呈极显著负相关关系,与土壤温度呈极显著正相关关系;肥料中被167 mmol/L高锰酸钾氧化的有机碳(ROC₁₆₇)显著影响稻田CH₄排放,与稻田CH₄总量的相关系数为0.872（P<0.05）。施有机肥处理水稻平均产量比CF处理增加6.8%;不同有机肥中,以PM处理的增温潜势和温室气体排放强度最小,与不施肥和CF处理无显著性差异。可见,猪粪能较好的协调环境与产量之间的关系,并含有低含量的ROC₁₆₇,是值得推荐的施肥方式。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study was carried out in paddy fields to explore how organic manure applications would affect greenhouse emissions in South China. The results showed that the seasonal emission of CH₄ under the chemical fertilizer（CF） treatment was 271.47 kg/hm². In comparison, the seasonal emissions of CH₄ under the treatment of pig manure（PM）, chicken manure（CM） and rice straw（RS） increased by 50.61, 260.22 and 602.82 kg/hm², respectively. N₂O emission under the CF treatment was 1.22 kg/hm², while the N₂O seasonal emissions under the PM, CM and RS treatment decreased by 23.6%（P<0.05）, 31.7%（P<0.05） and 30.9%（P<0.05）, respectively. Meanwhile, the readily oxidized organic carbon(which was oxidized by 167 mmol/L potassium permanganate, ROC₁₆₇) of manure, paddy soil Eh value and temperature could also affect the CH₄ emissions. The average yield of the organic fertilizer treatments increased by 6.8% compared with that of the CF treatment. Among all the organic fertilizer treatments, the PM treatment offered the lowest global warming potential and greenhouse gas intensity, in which the PM was of no significant difference from NF（no fertilizing） and CF. Therefore, the pig manure is capable of coordinating the relationship between environment and yield, and it also has a low ROC₁₆₇ content, so the PM is considered worthy of recommendation.更多还原