【摘要】 计算机的发明是人类历史上一座重要的里程碑,其出现标志着人类正式进入信息世界。工业自动控制、互联网、人工智能、量子通信、大规模基因技术等都是计算机应用的产物,对人类社会造成了深远的影响。基于此,本文首先介绍传统的电子计算机,指出目前电子计算机发展遇到的瓶颈,并由此引出量子计算机。然后介绍量子世界"反常"于宏观世界的三大基本特点,说明了量子计算机的工作原理,总结了量子计算机强于传统电子计算机的三大优势。最后,指出人类社会发展对于更大更强"计算"能力的追求将永不停歇。更多还原

【Abstract】 The invention of the computer is an important milestone in the history of mankind, and its emergencemarks that the human society has entered the information age. Industrial automatic control, Internet, artificial intelli-gence, quantum communication and large-scale gene technology are all products of computer applications, whichhave a profound impact on human society. Based on this, in this paper,we firstily introduced the traditional electron-ic computer, pointed out the bottlenecks encountered in the development of the electronic computer, and led to thequantum computer. Next, we introduced three basic characteristics that are "abnormal" in quantum world than in realworld. We then illustrated the working principles of a quantum computer, and also summarized three major advantag-es of a quantum computer over a traditional computer. Finally, we pointed out that the pursuit of greater and stronger "computing power" in human society would never cease.更多还原