【摘要】 淡水池塘养殖鱼类排污引发的中国水质型缺水问题备受关注。基于污染源普查数据和统计数据,参考《淡水池塘养殖水排放要求》（SC/T 9101—2007）两级排放标准,量化并预测了中国28个省、自治区、直辖市24种淡水池塘养殖鱼类排污的灰水足迹和污染负荷。结果表明:2014年,中国淡水池塘养殖鱼类排污的灰水足迹为2.26×10¹⁰³.49×10¹⁰ m³,TN、TP、COD、Cu、Zn污染负荷分别为61 388、11 273、592 288、43、139t;各种淡水池塘养殖鱼类排污的灰水足迹和决定性污染物差别大,优先污染控制策略存在地区差异;产量序列数据的回归分析和预测表明,2020年中国淡水池塘养殖鱼类的灰水足迹将达到2.85×10¹⁰⁴.79×10¹⁰m³,TN、TP、COD、Cu、Zn的污染负荷分别达到8.42×10⁶⁹.59×10⁶、1.61×10⁶¹.83×10⁶、8.70×10⁷⁹.91×10⁷、1.54×10²~更多还原

【Abstract】 Freshwater pond-cultured fish system discharges large amounts of sewage,which is a significant cause of quality-induced water shortage in China.This study combined field surveyed data and statistic data to quantify and predict 24fish ponds’discharge grey water footprint and pollutant loadings of 28provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities in China,simultaneously considering five water pollutants in two level water emission standards of"Requirement for water discharge from freshwater aquaculture pond"（SC/T 9101-2007）.Result indicated that China’s grey water footprint was 2.26×10¹⁰-3.49×10¹⁰ m³,pollutant loadings of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,COD,copper and zinc were 61 388,11 273,592 288,43and 139t,respectively,in 2014.By historical time series yielding data of pond farming system,grey water footprint would be 2.85×10¹⁰-4.79×10¹⁰ m³ and national pollutant loadings of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,COD,copper and zinc would reach up to 8.42×10⁶-9.59×10⁶,1.61×10⁶-1.83×10⁶,8.70×10⁷-9.91×10⁷,1.54×10²-1.76×10²,3.69×10²-4.20×10² t in 2020,respectively,based on multiple increasing trends and provincial linear regressions.更多还原