【摘要】 本文扼要介绍了熔盐减压蒸馏技术在美国橡树岭国家实验室用于熔盐反应堆氟化物熔盐回收,以及近年来美、韩、日和法等国用于水堆/快堆乏燃料中熔盐电解阴极产物纯化的概况,分析减压蒸馏技术在这两个领域应用中面临的挑战,提出可能的发展策略。进一步强调指出,蒸馏分离技术需要与放射化学相结合,形成化学反应-蒸馏/减压蒸馏的新模式,以应对钍基熔盐反应堆乏燃料干法后处理的严峻挑战。更多还原

【Abstract】 Low pressure distillation technology can be used to separate components of spent fuel due to their different volatility. This paper introduced the development of molten salt distillation technology briefly. First, the fluoride salts from molten salt experiment reactor(MSRE) were recovered and reused in Oak Ridge National Laboratory(ORNL) of USA. In the last decades, the distillation technology was used to purify the cathode products after the electrochemical treatment of spent fuel from pressure water reactor(PWR) or fast reactor in USA, Japan, Korea, France and so on. Then the challenges of distillation technology in both the salt recovery and cathode products purity were illustrated and development strategies were suggested. It is further pointed out that distillation separation combined with chemistry reaction may cope with the grave challenges of spent fuel pyroprocessing for thorium molten salt reactor(TMSR).更多还原