【摘要】 南方红壤区降雨量大且相对集中,红壤保肥性差、渗透性低,对生物滞留池的建设造成较大压力。通过室外人工模拟中试实验,选取3类设计影响因素:植物种类、填料层砂土比（1∶3、1∶4和1∶5）和水力/污染负荷,研究其对雨水径流中污染物的去除效果及影响。实验结果表明:W1—W7的7套生物滞留池对NH₃-N、NO^-₃-N、TN、TP和COD的平均去除率分别为54.98%～83.61%、 64.18%～83.63%、59.99%～77.15%、76.85%～85.17%和45.11%～85.44%,红壤对P具有较好的吸附作用,使TP的去除效果显著;重金属Pt、Cu、Zn和Cd的平均去除率分别为88.31%～97.00%、84.56%～86.03%、96.88%～97.21%和96.39%～97.44%,去除效果高效、稳定。影响研究表明:杜鹃和狗牙根对雨水径流污染物的去除效果略优于月季;砂土比与N类污染物的去除率正相关,与COD的去除率负相关,对TP的去除率影响不显著;雨水径流污染物的去除率随水力负荷的增大逐渐减小,随污染负荷的增大逐渐增大。更多还原

【Abstract】 There is more pressure on the construction of bioretention because of the strong and comparatively centralized rainfall in red soil region of southern China as well as the poor fertility and low permeability of red soil. In order to provide a valuable reference for the design of suitable bioretention in such places, we investigated how the design factors influence the consequences in runoff pollutant removal. Three design factors were chosen in this study through outdoor artificial simulation pilot experiments, including plant species, sand/soil ratio（1∶3, 1∶4, 1∶5） in packing layer, and hydraulic/pollution loads. The results showed that, the average removal rate of NH₃-N, NO₃-N, TN, TP and COD in 7 sets of bioretention were 54.98%～83.61%, 64.18%～83.63%, 59.99%～77.15%, 76.85%～85.17% and 45.11%～85.44%, respectively, and the red soil has a better adsorption for element P so that the removal rate of TP was generally excellent; the removal of heavy metal Pt, Cu, Zn and Cd were stable and efficient with the removal rates of 88.31%～97.00%, 84.56%～86.03%, 96.88%～97.21% and 96.39%～97.44%, respectively. The influence researches showed that Rhododendron simsii Planc. and Cynodon dactylon performed slightly better than Rosa chinensis Jacq in runoff pollutant removal; the sand/soil ratio was positively correlated with the removal rate of element N while it was negatively correlated with that of COD, but it has no significant influence on that of TP; the rainfall runoff pollutants removal efficiency increased with the increase of pollution loads while decreased with the increase of hydraulic loads.更多还原