【摘要】 应用PCR扩增和测序技术获得了引进种岩扇贝(Crassadoma gigantea)及我国主要经济扇贝:虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis)、栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)和海湾扇贝(Argopecten irradians)的12SrDNA全序列,并进行了相关分析。结果表明,四种扇贝12SrDNA的序列长度在906~964bp之间,其A+T含量在50.57%~56.77%之间;单倍型数、多态性位点数、单倍型多样性指数、核苷酸多样性指数和平均核苷酸差异数分别在2~3、2~3、0.264~0.623、0.000 75~0.002 07和0.427~1.882之间,均表现出较低的遗传多样性水平;种间遗传距离在0.079~0.306之间,其中虾夷扇贝与栉孔扇贝的遗传距离最近,其次是岩扇贝与虾夷扇贝,而岩扇贝与海湾扇贝的遗传距离最远,并且系统进化树分析结果显示虾夷扇贝先与栉孔扇贝聚为一支,再与岩扇贝进行聚类,而海湾扇贝则与其它扇贝聚为另一个单系群,进一步阐明了四种扇贝间的亲缘关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Whole sequences of 12 S rDNA were obtained from four scallops-Crassadoma Gigantea,Argopecten irradians,Chlamys farreri and Patinopecten yessoensis,using PCR amplification and sequencing technology.Then,the analysis of sequence characterization,genetic diversity,genetic distance and phylogenetic evolution were detected by related softwares.The results showed that,sequences length and AT content among four scallop were ranged from 909 bp to 964 bp and 50.57% to56.77%,respectively.The number of haplotype and polymorphic sites,haplotype diversities,nucleotide diversities and average nucleotide differences were ranged from 2 to 3,2 to 3,0.264~0.623,0.000 75~0.002 07 and 0.427~1.882,respectively.Generally,these four scallops all showed low diversity levels.The genetic distance among four scallop species was ranged from 0.079 to 0.306,in which C.farreri showed closely-related evolution relationship with P.yessoensis,and C.gigantea follows.Meanwhile,the result of phylogeny trees further confirmed the genetic relatedness among these four scallop.更多还原