【摘要】 通过分析1978年至今水深光学遥感的国内外主要研究成果,从被动光学遥感、主动光学遥感、遥感融合探测三个方面,对光学遥感浅海水深反演方法进行了系统性总结,对比分析了水深反演方法的优势和不足,探讨了存在的技术问题,并展望了浅海水深光学遥感技术的发展趋势。总结得到:主动光学遥感的水深探测精度最高,在0~15m浅海水深段,激光雷达遥感探测误差在厘米级,但仅限于机载平台;遥感融合探测方法精度次之,水深反演精度一般可比单源单时相提高10多个百分点;被动光学遥感中的高光谱水深反演精度一般要高于多光谱,平均相对误差可低至15%。被动光学遥感水深反演精度相对较低,但是数据源丰富、覆盖范围广、时效性强、水深反演模型较丰富,是目前浅海水深遥感反演的主要方法。主动光学遥感由于机动性强、测深精度较高,逐步成为应用和研究的热点,但是受空管以及飞机平台的航程限制,个别敏感区域飞机也不能到达。水深遥感融合探测可以充分地利用已有遥感影像资源,有效地挖掘多源、多时相信息,有助于提高水深遥感反演精度,但是多源遥感影像融合时会存在空间尺度问题,多时相反演融合中也会有底质及水下地形变化等因素对水深反演精度的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper reviewed the research results during the past four decades on water depth retrieval by optical remote sensing,and summarized the progresses in the optical remote sensing with passive,active and fusion images.Both the advantages and disadvantages of the various existing methods were analyzed.The accuracy of the active optical remote sensing is found to be highest,with the uncertainty of less than10 cm in the water depth range of 0~15 m,followed by the fusion-based method,whose accuracy is 10%higher than those from single-phase or single-source images.The accuracy of hyperspectral depth retrieval is generally 15% higher than that of the multi-spectral ones.Although the passive optical remote sensing has relatively lower accuracy,it still becomes the main bathymetry retrieval method due to its abundance,low price,wide coverage,and timeliness of the available satellite images.With the advantages of mobility and high accuracy,active optical remote sensing is gradually becoming the hotspot of research and application,although the weaknesses of the high cost,limited coverage of aircraft and air traffic control also exists.Fusion-based bathymetry method can fully utilize existing satellite image resources and effectively explore the multi-source/temporal information to improve the accuracy.However,since the multi-source remote sensing images usually have different spatial resolutions,the fusion results are confronted with the issues of spatial scale mismatch.Besides,factors such as the substrate and underwater terrain variability may also influence water depth retrieval accuracy in the multi-temporal fusion detection.更多还原