【摘要】 目的了解三亚地区急性中毒患儿的流行病学现状,进而为本地区预防儿童急性中毒提供参考。方法采用回顾性分析研究方法,对海南省第三人民医院2016-2017年收治305例急性中毒患儿的临床资料进行调查分析。结果 305例急性中毒患儿中,2016年收治171例,2017年收治134例,其男女比约为1.25:1;来自城区患儿66例(21.64%),镇区85例(27.87%)及农村154例(50.49%),其城、镇之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但分别与农村比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);305例急性中毒患儿中食物中毒者居多,高达136例(44.59%),其次是农药中毒65例(21.31%)和药物中毒64例(20.98%),其余依次为化学药品中毒21例(6.89%)、鼠药中毒19例(6.23%);误食(服)患儿最多,共275例(90.16%),吸入21例(6.89%)和接触9例(2.95%);经治疗治愈者297例(97.38%),转院8例(2.62%)。结论三亚地区小儿急性中毒以农村最突出,4~7岁为高峰发病年龄段,食物、农药及药物是常见毒物,并以误食(服)为主,就近及及时就医是提高其治愈率的有效措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the epidemiological situation of children with acute poisoning in Sanya area, and to provide reference for prevention of acute poisoning in children in this region. Methods Retrospective analysis was used to investigate the clinical data of 305 children with acute poisoning admitted to the Third People’s Hospital of Hainan Province from 2016 to 2017. Results Among the 305 children with acute poisoning, 171 were admitted in2016 and 134 were admitted in 2017; and the ratio of male to female was approximately 1.25:1. There were 66 children(21.64%) from urban areas, 85(27.87%) from town areas, 154(50.49%) from rural areas, and there was no statistically significant difference between cities and towns(P>0.05), but they were statistically significant different from rural areas(P<0.05). Among the 305 children with acute poisoning, food poisoning was the highest, up to 136 cases(44.59%), followed by pesticide poisoning in 65 cases(21.31%) and drug poisoning in 64 cases(20.98%); the rest in turn were chemical poisoning in 21 cases(6.89%) and rodenticides poisoning in 19 cases(6.23%). The contact method was the most in ingestion(drinking)by mistakes, with a total of 275 cases(90.16%), then inhalation in 21 cases(6.89%) and contact in 9 cases(2.95%). 297 patients(97.38%) were cured and 8 cases(2.62%) were transferred to other hospital. Conclusion The acute poisoning of children in Sanya is the most prominent in rural areas, and the age of 4 to 7 years is the peak age of onset. Food, pesticides and drugs were common poisons, and they are mainly eaten(drunk) by mistakes. Nearby and timely medical treatment is effective in improving the cure rate.更多还原