【摘要】 选取1977—2016年国家气象信息中心提供的贵州82站逐日降水资料,利用合成分析、显著性检验、小波分析、带通滤波等方法,分析了近40 a贵州5—8月(简称主汛期,下同)降水的时空分布特征,以及典型涝年、典型旱年的低频降水特征。结果表明:贵州主汛期降水呈现明显的年代际变化特征,其多年平均总降水量呈现南多北少的趋势,总降水量大值区主要集中在贵州的西南部地区(六盘水市、安顺市中西部和黔西南州西部)。典型涝年和典型旱年的平均主汛期总降水量以西南部最为明显,且各自主汛期降水的低频振荡周期差别不明显;10～20 d是贵州主汛期降水普遍存在的显著低频周期,典型涝年存在30～40 d低频周期,典型旱年存在较弱的35～45 d低频周期,低频降水主要发生在6月和7月。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the daily precipitation data from 1977 to 2016 from 82 stations in Guizhou provided by National Meteorological Information Center,the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of precipitation from May to Aug( hereafter referred as main rainfall season) in Guizhou in recent 40 years and the low-frequency precipitation characteristics of typical flood years and typical drought years were analyzed by using synthetic analysis,significance test,wavelet analysis,band-pass filtering and other methods. The results show that: the precipitation in main rainfall season in Guizhou reflects obvious interdecadal variation characteristics. The mean years total precipitation is more in the south than in the north. The zones of maximum precipitation concentrate in southwest Guizhou(Liu Panshui,midwest of Anshun and west of Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture). The average total precipitation during the main rainfall season in the typical flood years and in the typical drought years has the most significant positive trend in southwest Guizhou while the difference of low frequency oscillation period of precipitation is small during the main rainfall season in the typical flood years and in the typical drought years. 10 ～ 20 d is the significant low-frequency period of precipitation of the main rainfall season in Guizhou. 30 ～ 40 d low frequency period is in typical flood years,and weak 35 ～ 45 d low-frequency period is in the typical drought years. Low frequency precipitation mainly occur in June and July.更多还原