【摘要】 为设计更合理的防腐方案,首先通过菌落总数检测方法检测统计某涂料生产企业三年来的产品及原材料送样的微生物情况,了解变质产品微生物污染状况;通过高通量测序技术分析典型变质样微生物的群落组成和丰度;使用高效液相色谱法分析产品的防腐剂残留情况;再采用最低抑菌浓度实验检测变质菌的耐药性,最后通过防腐功效测试检测环境风险菌对正常生产样的威胁。该企业三年送样总量682个,有菌样87个,其中三年的染菌率分别为11. 71%、12. 7%和13. 28%,腐败变质产品微生物菌落总数数量级已达到10~6CFU/g以上,以变形菌、厚壁菌和拟杆菌为优势菌群,其他细菌为非优势菌群。变质样防腐剂已被降解,分离的变质菌对卡松类防腐剂产生较明显耐药性,对BIT,布罗波尔类防腐剂没有产生耐药性,正常生产的样品能通过防腐功效测试。对于变质菌的耐药性应采用复防腐配体系如BIT、BP类等更有效的防腐剂。至于对卡松类防腐剂产生耐药性的部分变质菌,应筛选更有效的防腐体系。此外要加强原材料和生产环境和工艺流程的清洁控制,以抵御环境污染风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to design a more reasonable antiseptic scheme,the microbial contamination status of the spoiled products and raw materials in the past three years were detected and counted by the total bacterial count detection method.The microbial community composition and abundance of typical spoiled samples were analyzed by high throughput sequencing,the preservative residues of the products were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography( HPLC),and the drug resistance of spoiled bacteria was detected by the minimum inhibitory concentration( MIC) test. Finally,the threat of environmental risk bacteria to normal production samples was detected by antiseptic efficacy test. The total number of samples sent by the enterprise in past three years was 682 and there were 87 bacterial samples,of which the infection rates in three years were 11. 71%,12. 7% and 13. 28%,respectively. The total number of microbial colonies in spoiled products had reached more than 106 CFU/g,and the dominant bacteria were Proteus,thick-walled bacteria and Bacteroides. Other bacteria were non-dominant bacteria. The spoilage sample preservative had been degraded and the isolated spoilage bacteria had obvious resistance to the carson type preservatives and no resistance to the BIT,BP preservative. The normal produced samples could pass the antiseptic efficacy test. More effective preservatives such as BIT and BP should be used for the drug resistance of spoilage bacteria. As for some of the spoilage bacteria that developed resistance to carson type preservatives,more effective antiseptic systems should be screened. In addition,it was necessary to strengthen the clean control of raw materials,the production environment and technological process in order to resist the risk of environmental pollution.更多还原