【摘要】 以1-氯-2,3-环氧丙烷（C3H5Cl O）、N,N,-二甲基-1-辛胺[CH₃（CH₂）₇N（CH₃）₂]和盐酸（HCl）为原料,制备双子表面活性剂N,N’-双（辛基二甲基）-2-羟基-1,3-二氯化丙二铵盐[C₈-3（OH）-C₈·2Cl^-]。产物经红外光谱（IR）和核磁共振氢谱（¹HNMR）进行了确证。C₈-3（OH）-C₈·2Cl^-与氯化钾（KCl）、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺（CPAM）复配制得膨胀土固化剂,并对该固化剂的性能进行了研究。结果表明,固化剂的最佳用量为:0.5%C₈-3（OH）-C₈·2Cl^-+6%KCl+0.1%CPAM（Ⅱ）。固化土的自由膨胀率、塑性指数、胀缩总率显著降低;线缩率、体缩率降低,缩限升高;土样的抗剪切强度和CBR值升高明显;固化土样的比表面积和总孔径下降,平均孔径升高。扫描电镜（SEM）中,固化土颗粒显著聚集,说明该固化剂Ⅱ对于控制膨胀土的反复胀缩性和提高强度具有良好的应用潜势。更多还原

【Abstract】 An ammonium gemini surfactant [C₈-3（OH）-C₈· 2Cl^-] was synthesized from N,N-dimethyloctylamine, epoxy chloropropane and hydrochloric acid. The surfactants were characterized by IR spectra and ¹HNMR spectra, and the results proved that they were all the objective products. A new-type expansive soil stabilizer prepared with gemini surfactant C₈-3（OH）-C₈· 2Cl^-, potassium chloride（KCl） and cationic polymer（CPAM）. The experimental results showed that the optimal content of expansive soil’s stabilizer was: 0.5% C₈-3（OH）-C₈· 2Cl^-+6% KCl + 0.1% CPAM. The clays after curing had advantages such as plastic index decreased, swell and contraction properties of expansive soil controlled and its shear strength and CBR increased, the specific surface area and total pore size decreased and the average pore radium increased, which had the significant effect of electrostatic adsorption and agglomeration. Scanning electron microscopy of solidified soil could been seen particles significant aggregation, which indicated that the synthesized new-type stabilizer had a good application potential.更多还原