【摘要】 为提高废弃HTPB推进剂中高氯酸铵(AP)组分的回收率,采用水/丙酮混合溶剂体系对HTPB推进剂中的AP进行提取。探讨了超声提取时间、提取温度、水/丙酮体积比、液料比、推进剂试样厚度对AP提取率的影响规律。采用傅里叶漫反射红外光谱仪(DRIFT)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等手段对提取结果进行表征。结果表明,提取温度45℃、超声提取时间3.5 h、水/丙酮体积比2∶1、液料比10∶1、试样厚度3 mm是提取HTPB推进剂中AP组分的最佳工艺参数。在该工艺条件下,AP的回收率为96.3%,AP的纯度为96.5%。结果证明,水/丙酮混合体系可用于废弃HTPB推进剂中AP组分的分离回收。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to improve the recovery of ammonium perchlorate( AP) components in waste HTPB propellants,the AP in the HTPB propellants were extracted by water/acetone mixed solvent system.The effects of ultrasonic extraction time,extraction temperature,water/acetone volume ratio,liquid to solid ratio and propellant sample thickness on AP extraction rate were discussed.The extraction results were characterized by Fourier Diffuse Infrared Spectroscopy( DRIFT),X-ray Diffraction( XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy( SEM).The experimental results show that the extraction temperature of 45 ℃,the ultrasonic extraction time of 3.5 h,the volume ratio of water/acetone of 2 ∶ 1,the ratio of liquid to solid of 10 ∶ 1,and the thickness of sample 3 mm,are the most appropriate parameters for the extracting of AP component in HTPB propellants.Under this condition,the recovery rate of AP was about 96.3% and the purity of AP was 96.5%.It proves that the water/acetone mixture is suitable for separation and recovery of AP components in waste HTPB propellants.更多还原