【摘要】 马尾松林下水土流失是当前南方红壤区急需解决的环境问题。采用野外自然坡面试验小区监测方式,运用类比以及统计分析等方法,对30场次降雨下的第四纪红壤区马尾松林下水土流失特征以及防治成效进行了分析。结果表明:马尾松纯林小区与裸露对照小区相比,产流量差异不显著,产沙量差异极显著,不同雨型下的降雨对产流、产沙的贡献率存在差异,中雨型下马尾松林下水土流失表现最为突出,马尾松林下降雨、产流以及产沙之间的关系模型为一元二次回归模型;乔草、乔灌组合模式与马尾松纯林小区在产流、产沙方面存在显著性差异(P<0.01),其减流、减沙率均在90%左右,其中以乔草组合模式最优,不同雨型的减流、减沙率由大到小依次为小雨型,中雨型,大雨及以上雨型,各防治模式下的降雨、产流以及产沙之间的关系模型为一元二次回归模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 The soil and water loss in Pinus massoniana forests is an urgent environmental problem in the red soil region of southern China. Using the method of field monitoring,by analogy and statistical analysis,the characteristics of soil and water loss and the effect of soil and water conservation of P. massoniana forests in Quaternary red soil region under 30 rainfall were analyzed. The results show that there was no significant difference in runoff between the P. massoniana pure forest and the control bare plot,but the sediment was very significant. The contribution of rainfall to runoff and sediment yield was different under different rainfall patterns; the soil and water loss of P. massoniana forest under moderate rain was the most prominent; the relationship models among rainfall,runoff and sediment under the condition of P. massoniana forest was were univariate quadratic regression model. There were significant differences in runoff and sediment between tree-grass,tree-shurb and P. massoniana forest( P < 0. 01). The reduction of runoff and sediment rate were about 90% ; the combination of tree and grass was optimal. The order of the rate of runoff and sediment reduction of different types of rainfall from large to small was: light rain,moderate rain,heavy rain.更多还原