【摘要】 目的了解嵊州市2009-2016年中小学生常见病的发展变化情况,为制定学生常见病防治重点和对策提供依据。方法查阅嵊州市疾病预防控制中心档案室2009-2016年关于嵊州市每年所有在校学生综合健康监测体检年度报表、工作记录、工作总结等材料,将嵊州市学生健康综合监测的全部中小学生体检结果信息按照小学、初中和高中三个学段对视力不良、龋齿、沙眼、鼻炎、营养不良、肥胖和高血压数据进行收集、汇总和整理。应用SPSS18. 0统计软件对不同学段体检率采用pearsonX~2检验,对各常见病的同一学段不同年份以及同一年份不同学段均采用趋势X~2检验进行统计分析。结果 2009-2016年视力不良和龋齿是嵊州市中小学生主要的常见病,高中生视力不良总检出率最高为72. 25%,小学生龋齿总检出率为39. 94%。学生的视力不良、营养不良、肥胖和高血压检出率随学段升高以及年份变化呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 01);学生龋齿、沙眼和鼻炎的检出率随学段升高以及年代的变化呈现逐年下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 01)。结论学生常见病发病疾病谱在发生变化,应采取具有针对性的预防控制策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the development and changes of students’ common diseases in Shengzhou between 2009 and 2016,and provide basis for prevention and treatment of common diseases. Methods To review the annual report of the annual medical examination of students’ comprehensive health in the archives room of Shengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention collected between 2009 and 2016. The results of the physical examination such as poor vision,dental caries,trachoma,rhinitis,malnutrition,obesity and hypertension were collected,summarized and sorted according to the three sections of primary school,middle school and high school. The SPSS18. 0 statistical software was used to analyze the results of physical examination. The Pearson X~2 test was used for the physical examination rate of students. The trend X~2 test was used to analyze the different years of the same learning period and the same year. Results From 2009 to 2016,poor vision and dental caries in Shengzhou primary school,middle school and high school were the main common diseases among students. The total detection rate of poor vision was 72. 25% for high school students and the detection rate of dental caries was 39. 94%for primary school students. The detection rate of poor vision,malnutrition,obesity and hypertension increased along with the study period and the change of the time,the differences were statistically significant( P < 0. 01). The detection rate of dental caries,trachoma and rhinitis declined with the study period and the change of the time,the differences were statistically significant( P < 0. 01). Conclusion The disease spectrum of students’ common diseases is changing,it should take a targeted preventive control strategy.更多还原