【摘要】 目的分析哈尔滨市2004-2017年扩大国家免疫规划(NEPI)针对疾病发病情况,评价NEPI效果,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用Excel软件对数据进行描述性分析,应用SPSS 17. 0软件对组间发病率进行χ~2检验,对哈尔滨市2004-2017年NEPI针对疾病发病情况进行流行病学分析。结果哈尔滨市2004-2017年累计报告麻疹、百日咳、乙型病毒性肝炎、流行性脑脊髓膜炎、甲型病毒性肝炎、流行性腮腺炎和风疹7种免疫规划针对传染病74 974例,累计死亡66例。7种传染病报告发病率分别为3. 57/10万、0. 14/10万、31. 91/10万、0. 24/10万、1.68/10万、14. 26/10万和1. 92/10万,无脊髓灰质炎、新生儿破伤风、白喉和乙型脑炎病例发生。流行性脑脊髓膜炎和乙型病毒性肝炎有死亡病例发生,死亡率分别为0. 01/10万和0. 03/10万。除百日咳外,其余6种传染病2013-2017年发病率均较2008-2012年明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 01)。结论哈尔滨市实施NEPI对降低相关传染病的发生效果显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the disease incidence of National Expanded Program on Immunization( NEPI) in Harbin from 2004 to 2017,evaluate the effect of NEPI,and provide a scientific basis for prevention strategies. Methods Descriptive analysis of data was carried out by using Excel software,χ~2 test of intergroup morbidity was carried out by using SPSS 17. 0,and epidemiological analysis was carried out for disease incidence by NEPI in Harbin from 2004 to 2017. Results During2004 and 2017 in Harbin,seventy-four thousand nine hundred and seventy-four cases had been reported including measles,pertussis,type B viral hepatitis,epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis,type A viral hepatitis,mumps,rubella,and 66 death cases. The annual reported incidence rates of 7 infectious diseases were 3. 57/100,000,0. 14/100,000,31. 91/100,000,0.24/100,000,1. 68/100,000,14. 26/100,000 and 1. 92/100,000 respectively. No polio,tetanus,diphtheria,type B encephalitis cases occurred. Epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis and type B viral hepatitis had death cases,with the annual average mortality rate of 0. 01/100,000 and 0. 03/100,000 respectively. Except pertussis,the average annual incidence rate of the rest 6 kinds of diseases from 2013 to 2017 decreased compared during 2008 and 2012( P < 0. 01). Conclusion The effect of NEPI in Harbin to reduce the happening of the disease is remarkable.更多还原