【摘要】 目的了解哈尔滨市2017年5起诺如病毒感染暴发疫情的发生规律及流行病学特征,为病毒性腹泻相关预防控制提供依据。方法对哈尔滨市2017年诺如病毒感染暴发疫情资料进行描述性分析,采用聚合酶链反应对病例肛拭子进行检测。结果 5起诺如病毒感染疫情均为GⅡ感染所致;共报告病例224例,罹患率波动在1. 88%～22. 67%;男女性别比为1. 07∶1;病例的4种主要症状(呕吐、腹泻、腹痛、恶心)发生情况的差异有统计学意义(χ~2=22. 44,P <0. 01); 3种聚集人群(幼儿园、小学、中等职业学校)的罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=109. 80,P <0. 05);疫情暴发主要集中在6月;病例肛拭子检出率为57. 14%(34/57)。结论哈尔滨市2017年诺如病毒感染暴发疫情主要集中在幼儿园、小学和中等职业学校等人群密集场所;全部病例为诺如病毒GⅡ型感染引起;学校是诺如病毒感染暴发疫情的重点防控场所,应在学校加强监测和宣传教育。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of 5 norovirus outbreaks in Harbin in 2017,provide the basis for the prevention and control measures of viral diarrhoea. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was con-ducted on the data of the outbreak of norovirus infection in Harbin in 2017,and specimens of anal swabs in the 5 outbreaks were collected and detected by using polymerase chain reaction. Results Five outbreaks were caused by GⅡ genogroup; a total of 224 cases were reported,the incidence rate fluctuated between 1. 88% and 22. 67%; and the sex ratio was 1. 07: 1;the four main symptoms( vomiting,diarrhea,abdominal pain and nausea) were statistically significant( χ~2= 22. 44,P < 0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the incidence rates of the three groups( kindergartens,primary schools and secondary schools)( χ~2= 109. 80,P < 0. 05); the outbreaks concentrated in June; the detection rate of anal swab was57. 14%( 34/57). Conclusion Norovirus infection outbreaks mainly concentrated in the kindergarten,primary and secondary crowded places in Harbin in 2017; all virus infections were caused by GⅡ genome; schools are a key place for prevention and control of the outbreak of norovirus infection,the monitoring and publicity should be strengthened.更多还原