【摘要】 利用水培试验方法,考察了4种常见植物对重金属铊两种价态Tl⁺和Tl³⁺的吸收速率、铊富集量,植物体内铊价态存在形式及K+影响Tl⁺和Tl³⁺在植物中的富集。结果表明,植物对Tl⁺和Tl³⁺的吸收速率与铊富集量在不同植物中表现不同。肾蕨表现出对Tl⁺和Tl³⁺的最大吸收速率,分别为0.004、0.007 mg/g·h。狐尾藻对Tl³⁺的铊富集量最大,为681.97 mg/kg（DW）;甘蓝对Tl⁺的铊富集量最大,为473.30 mg/kg（DW）。植物对两种价态铊的吸收富集主要集中在根部。植物根部的铊价态分析表明,通过根系吸收进入植物体内的铊都以Tl⁺为主要存在形式。当Tl⁺/Tl³⁺与K+比例为1∶25时,K+对Tl⁺和Tl³⁺都具有拮抗抑制作用,可以影响植物对Tl⁺和Tl³⁺的富集。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study,hydroponic experiments were conducted to investigate the uptake rates and accumulation of thallium (Tl⁺ and Tl³⁺) in four types of plants and the effect of K+ on accumulation of Tl⁺ and Tl³⁺ in plant. The results showed that the uptake rates and accumulation contents of two thallium valence states were different. Nephrolepis auriculata had he greast uptake rates for Tl⁺ and Tl³⁺,which were 0.004 mg/g·h and 0.007 mg/g·h,respectively. The maximum accumulation of Tl³⁺ in watermifoil was 681.97 mg/kg（DW）,and the maximum accumulation of Tl⁺ in cabbage was 473.30 mg/kg（DW）. The uptake and accumulation of two valences were mainly concentrated in the roots. The valence state in plant roots was Tl⁺. When the ratio of Tl⁺/Tl³⁺ to K+ were 1∶25,K+ had an antagonistic inhibitory effect on the uptake of Tl⁺ and Tl³⁺,which could restrain the accumulation of thallium(Tl⁺ and Tl³⁺)in plants.更多还原