【摘要】 关于岩石内应力在文献上已有较多的论述和讨论,多数专家均承认岩石中存在内应力,但是由于岩石内应力是在岩石自身建造及改造过程中形成的,岩石内应力的复杂性导致了其研究均停留在概念、假说或测量结果的讨论层面,岩石内应力的储存过程以及释放特性等许多问题尚未得到深入和完善的解答。本文通过总结已有的研究成果,分析了岩石内应力的储存过程及释放特性,并提出了岩石内应力问题的进一步研究目标和方向。通过讨论认为,岩石内应力的储存与岩石的物质结构状态密切相关,岩石的弹塑性特点是岩石内应力储存的必要条件,塑性变形是引起岩石内应力释放的一种可能的途径。进一步的研究方向应集中于岩石内应力的形成机理、释放特征及其在岩石工程中的应用上。更多还原

【Abstract】 The history and current research status of the internal stress in the residual stress of rock are reviewed and important meanings of research on the internal stress are pointed out in this paper. The basic characteristics of internal stress in rock are analyzed and the formation cause and mechanism are concluded and discussed. Based on analysis,we conclude that the elastic and plastic characteristics and inhomogeneous plastic deformation are necessary condition for locking internal stress of rock,and external loads. Physical and chemical effects and thermodynamic functions are the direct power to store internal stresses. Determining principle and measurement techniques of internal stress in rock are analyzed and summarized respectively. We believe that the plastic deformation is the fundamental cause for releasing of internal stress. Besides,internal stress in rock may affect mechanical behavior,to which attention should be pay.更多还原