【摘要】 利用SSR标记研究甘蓝型油菜自育杂交种(陕西省杂交油菜研究中心培育的品种及杂交组合)与其他主栽品种的遗传多样性和遗传关系,为种质创新、材料选择和育种设计提供参考。47对引物在62份样品中检测到50个多态性位点,23份自育杂交种及39份其他主栽品种的遗传多样性为中度丰富,自育杂交种等位变异数、基因型数、观察杂合度、期望杂合度及多态性信息含量等值相对较低;69%的杂交品种杂合率大于40%;发现其他主栽品种对自育杂交种有补充等位变异的位点10个、含重要高频率等位变异的位点14个。遗传相似系数(GS)分析表明自育杂交种内部总体为中高度相似性(0.7<GS<0.8),其他主栽品种内部及两组之间为中度相似性(0.6<GS<0.7)。主坐标分析和遗传分化系数显示两组间有明显遗传分化。系统聚类在GS值0.66处将全部样品主要分为两类,自育杂交种、黄淮区及长江中游区品种总数96%在第一类,第二类主要为长江上游区和下游区品种。自育杂交种的遗传多样性相对较低,其与黄淮区和长江中游区品种遗传关系较近,与大部分长江上游区和下游区品种遗传关系较远;可利用遗传关系远的品种创制材料,用前述补充等位变异进行分子标记辅助选择,以高效拓宽现有育种资源的遗传基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to provide reference for germplasm innovation,material selection and breeding design,SSR markers were used to study the genetic diversity and genetic relationships of our own hybrids(varieties and hybridized combinations of Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province) and other leading rapeseed(Brassica napus) varieties.Fifty polymorphic loci were detected by using 47 pairs of primers in 62 samples.Genetic diversities of 23 our own hybrids and 39 other leading varieties were moderately rich.The values of allele No.,genotype No.,obse rved heterozyg os ity,expected heterozygosity and polymorphism information content in our own hybrids were relatively lower.The heterozygous genotype ratio of 69% hybrids was greater than 40%.Ten loci at which other leading varieties had complementary alleles to our own hybrids and fourteen loci containing important and high frequency alleles were found.Genetic similarity coefficient(GS) analysis showed that the average GS in our own hybrids was on medium-high level(0.7<GS<0.8),while the average GS in other leading varieties and that between the two groups were on medium level(0.6<GS<0.7).Principal coordinate analysis and genetic differentiation coefficient showed that there was obvious genetic differentiation between the two groups.All the test samples were divided into two chief categories at a GS value of 0.66 by clustering analysis; 96%samples from our own hybrids,the Yellow-Huai River region(YHRR) and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River region(MRYRR) were placed in the first category,and the second category was mainly for the samples from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River region(URYRR) and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River region(LRYRR).The genetic diversity of our own hybrids was relatively low.The genetic relationships between the our own hybrids and varieties from YHRR and MRYRR were relatively close,and that between the our own hybrids and varieties from URYRR and LRYRR were relatively distant.To broaden the genetic background of our breeding resources efficiently,varieties with relatively distant genetic relationships from our own hybrids could be used to innovate germplasm by performing molecular marker-assisted selection of the above-mentioned complementary alleles.更多还原