【摘要】 为获得环保、柔软、透气和高压电性材料,增加压电材料在纳米发电机、传感器、可穿戴电子器件等方面的应用,采用静电纺丝技术制备出了高压电性的氧化锌/聚偏氟乙烯(ZnO/PVDF)复合纤维膜材料。通过扫描电子显微镜、全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪及示波器对压电复合纤维膜的形貌、结构和压电性进行了表征。结果表明:在PVDF基材中加入适量的氧化锌纳米颗粒(ZnONPs)可在一定程度上提升PVDF纤维膜的结晶度和电活性β晶型的含量,使PVDF中总的β晶型含量增加;同时,ZnONPs自身具有压电性,也可进一步提升复合材料的压电性,使复合纤维膜的输出电压显著提高。当ZnONPs质量分数为30%时,复合膜的输出电压高达60 V,与纯PVDF纤维膜的输出电压相比,复合纤维膜的压电性提高了200%。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to obtain eco-friendly,flexible,permeable and piezoelectric materials and to widen applications thereof in nanogenerators,sensors and wearable electronic devices,the high piezoelectric ZnO/PVDF composite fibrous membranes were successfully prepared by electrospinning.The morphology,structure and piezoelectricity of samples were characterized by the scanning electron microscope,attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and oscilloscope.The results demonstrate that the addition of appropriate contents of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnONPs) in PVDF fiber matrix contributes to improve crystallinity and electroactive β crystal form concentration of PVDF fiber to some extent,leading to the increase of the total crystal form of PVDF.Meanwhile,ZnONPs have piezoelectricity,which further enhances the piezoelectric performances of the composites.The output voltage of the ZnO/PVDF composite fibrous membranes are improved dramatically.The output voltage of the composite membrane is up to 60 V when the content of ZnONPs is 30%,which is increased by 200% in comparison with pure PVDF fibers.更多还原