【摘要】 目的分析长江中游荆江航道工程水域Hg、Cr、Cd、As含量分布特征及健康风险性。方法采用原子吸收分光光度法(AAS)和电感耦合等离子质谱法(ICP-MS)检测航道工程水域Hg、Cr、Cd、As浓度;利用方差分析、配对t检验分析工程水域Hg、Cr、Cd、As分布;采用健康风险评价法(HRA)评价工程水域Hg、Cr、Cd、As的健康风险性。结果荆江航道工程水域Hg浓度在地表水III类水质标准限值内,Cr、Cd、As未超过地表水I类水质标准限值;航道工程对水域Hg、Cr、Cd、As含量分布的影响程度依次为:填槽工程>加固工程>守护工程,但除填槽工程对水域Cd含量分布有显著影响(P<0.05),航道工程水域Hg、Cr、Cd、As含量分布无明显变化(P>0.05),且航道建设对水域Hg、Cr、Cd、As含量分布影响明显小于其他因素的效应;荆江航道工程全河段仅As有一定的健康风险,但航道工程对水域Hg、Cr、Cd、As的健康风险无明显影响。结论荆江航道工程水域无明显Hg、Cr、Cd、As污染,且航道工程对水环境效应明显小于其他因素;但仍需加强Hg、Cr、Cd、As等有害元素监测及风险评价,保障航道涉水工程水资源环境安全。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the distribution features and health risks of Hg,Cr,Cd,As in the waters of Jingjiang Waterway Project in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,and investigate the impacts of Jingjiang Waterway Regulation Project on water quality and water safety.Methods Levels of toxic elements Hg、Cr、Cd、As in different parts at different times were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).Variance analysis and paired test were used to analyze the distribution of harmful elements in the trench filling project,reinforcement project and guardian engineering waters.Health risk assessment(HRA) method was used to analyze the potential health risks of hazardous elements in the engineering waters.Results Hg,Cr,Cd,and As in the waters of the Jingjiang Waterway Project were detected.The Hg concentration was within the Class III water quality standard limits for surface water,and the rest did not exceed the Class I water quality standard limits.The changes of Hg,Cr,Cd,As concentration in the water area of the construction area were as follows: trench filling project>reinforcement project>guarding project,where individual project water area trench filling project and reinforcement project had certain influence on As concentration.Only As had a certain health risk in the entire reach of the Jingjiang Waterway Project,and it did not show that the waterway project had a significant impact on the health risks of Hg,Cr,Cd,and As.Conclusions There was no obvious Hg,Cr,Cd,As pollution in the water area of the Jingjiang Waterway Project,and only As had a certain health risk in the whole reach of the river.The channel filling and reinforcement works only affected the distribution of As,however,the project did not significantly increase the health risks of Hg,Cr,Cd,and As.The comprehensive effect of waterway regulation on the water environment was significantly less than the impact of other factors on the environment,and monitoring and evaluation of harmful elements should still be strengthened to avoid the impact of the waterway wading project on water quality.更多还原