【摘要】 采用形态学和基于线粒体16SrDNA基因的分子生物学方法,对采自青海省东部地区20个县(市)的熊蜂(Bombus spp.)进行了物种鉴定及组成分析,并探讨了物种多样性与环境因子之间的关系。结果表明,在20个采样点共采集到3 195份熊蜂标本,鉴定为23个物种,隶属10个亚属;所有熊蜂的总体Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为2.67,总体Pielou均匀度指数为0.85,具有较高的物种多样性水平;有5个物种[兰州熊蜂(B.lantschouensis)、密林熊蜂(B.patagiatus)、明亮熊蜂(B.lucorum)、火红熊蜂(B.pyrosoma)和黑尾熊蜂(B.melanurus)]具有商业开发的潜力,其数量占总标本数的17.9%;Pearson相关分析和多元线性回归分析表明,年均温是影响熊蜂物种多样性的关键因素;随着温度的降低,物种丰富度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数都显著下降。本研究结果为了解、利用和保护青藏高原熊蜂生物多样性提供了关键基础资料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using morphological characteristics and mitochondrial 16 SrDNA barcoding,we identified bumblebee(Bombus spp.)samples collected from 20 counties of eastern Qinghai Province,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP).We also investigated the species composition of bumblebees in each sampling site and analyzed the relationship between species diversity and related environmental factors.A total of 3 195 specimens was collected from 20 sampling sites,of which 23 species belonging to 10 subgenera were identified.The total Shannon-Wiener diversity was 2.67 and Pielou evenness index was 0.85,showing a high level of species diversity.Five species(B.lantschouensis,B.patagiatus,B.lucorum,B.pyrosoma,and B.melanurus)possibly have the potential for economic development,comprising 17.9% of the total sample.The results of Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analysis showed that the annual temperature was the key factor influencing species diversity,and as the temperature decreased,species richness,Shannon-Wiener diversity,and Pielou evenness all significantly decreased(P<0.05).Our research provides fundamental information for the understanding,utilization,and conservation of bumblebee diversity in the QTP.更多还原