【摘要】 文章从理论与实证两个层面分析技术原创及技术引进再创新对中等收入群体的影响,以全面探究技术创新的收入分配效应。研究发现:技术原创改善了收入分配状况,即技术原创促使技术进步偏向于劳动,以提高劳动收入份额与扩大中等收入群体,能有效地发挥技术原创的收入分配效应;长期内,技术引进不利于改善收入分配状况,即技术引进的收入分配效应相当有限,且不显著;而技术引进再创新会恶化收入分配状况,即技术引进再创新使技术进步偏向于资本,资本逆转与逆向溢出较为严重,这会抑制中等收入群体的扩大,造成技术引进再创新对收入分配的效应失效。文章为创新驱动发展模式下技术创新的收入分配效应分析提供了参考,也为技术原创还是引进再创新对收入分配的影响提供了明确的政策含义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the innovation-driven development strategy,technology innovation has become the core driving force of economic development and income increase. Technology innovation contains technological originality and technological introduction re-innovation,which affects technological progress bias through factor efficiency,and then influences the middle-income group. This paper constructs a theoretical model to analyze the impact mechanism of technological originality and introduction re-innovation on the middle-income group,and proposes three research hypotheses. Using data in China,the impact of the heterogeneity between technological originality and introduction re-innovation on the middle-income group is empirically tested,so as to examine comprehensively the income distribution effect of technology innovation. Research findings are as follows:technological originality improves the income distribution,i.e.,technological originality encourages the technological progress towards labor to increase labor income share,and enlarges the middle-income group and makes full use of the income distribution effect of technological originality;technological introduction will not be conducive to improve the income distribution in a long term,i.e.,the income distribution effect of technological introduction is limited and unremarkable;moreover,technological introduction re-innovation exacerbates the income distribution,i.e.,technological introduction re-innovation encourages technological progress towards capital,and capital reversal and reverse spillover is quite serious,which restraints the expansion of the middle-income group,leading to the ineffective income distribution of technological introduction re-innovation. This paper provides a reference for the analysis of the income distribution effect of technology innovation under an innovation-driven development mode and provides specific political implications for the impact of heterogeneity of technological originality and technological introduction re-innovation on the income distribution. Therefore,on the one hand,we should increase the investment in our original technology,especially on fundamental researches and talents,to improve the level and ability in original technology. Meanwhile,we should perfect the relevant systems and mechanisms of original technology to deliver its outcomes more effectively and put its function of adjusting the income distribution in full play. On the other hand,we should continue to attract foreign investment and import advanced technology,and make sure that the introduced technology could match the local technology and resources well. At the same time,we should put emphasis on imitating the foreign advanced technology to reduce the reverse spillover effect of the introduced and recreated technology,change the situation of the poor circulation of the introduced technology,and enhance the effect of the introduced and recreated technology on the income distribution.更多还原