【摘要】 以煤矸石、腐熟油菜秸秆等废弃资源为原料,分别设置煤矸石∶腐熟油菜秸秆的体积比为2∶8、3∶7、4∶6、5∶5、6∶4配制成5种混合基质,以菜园土为对照,在人工光照室内以盆栽的方法栽培白菜、生菜、菠菜和苋菜等4种叶菜类蔬菜,分别于定植后30d和55d测定植株体内的硝酸盐、维生素C、可溶性糖及有机酸的含量,研究煤矸石、腐熟油菜秸秆按不同配方组成的混合基质的理化性质,以及栽培在混合基质上的4种蔬菜品质特性,以期评价出混合基质的最佳配方。结果表明:5种混合基质的容重较低,水气比合理,营养丰富,具有较好的理化性状。混合基质上的4种叶菜类蔬菜与对照相比,硝酸盐、有机酸含量极显著降低,维生素C、可溶性糖含量明显增加,尤其是4∶6混合基质上生长的蔬菜这4项品质指标均最佳,是最佳配方。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese cabbage(Brassica chinensis),lettuce(Lactuca sativa),amaranth(Amarantus mangostanus)and spinach(Spinacia oleracea)were cultivated in the pot in the biotron,using soilless culture mediums composed of decomposed coal gangue and rape straw.Five culture mediums were set,with the volume ratios of decomposed coal gangue and rape straw of 2∶8,3∶7,4∶6,5∶5 and 6∶4,respectively,with garden soil was used as control.After 30 days and 55 days cultivation,the content of nitrate,the vitamin C,the soluble sugar,and the organic acid in the four leafy vegetables were measured.At the same time,the physiological characteristics of soilless culture mediums,as well as the quality characteristics of the four vegetable crops growing on different mediums were studied,in order to determine the best soilless culture medium.The results showed that the five soilless culture mediums had good physiological properties,with lower unit weight,better water-air ratio,and more nutrition.Compared to the control,the vegetable crops growing on the soilless culture mediums had significantly lower nitrate and organic acid content,and remarkably higher content of vitamin C and soluble sugar,especially in the soilless culture medium of 4∶6 and this medium as the best.更多还原