【摘要】 以扬麦19号为材料,在小麦各生育时期施用不同氮肥运筹比例(基肥∶返青肥∶倒3叶肥∶旗叶肥),研究各处理施肥比例对小麦产量结构、籽粒综合品质、试验区土壤养分含量的影响。结果表明:T3(50∶15∶25∶10)和T5处理(50∶10∶30∶10),其有效穗数、穗粒数以及千粒重配置较为合理,且具有较高干物质积累量,最终实收产量较高。总氮保持一定的基础上,基肥比例为50%配合返青肥施用,同时后期增加氮肥用量,促进分蘖的基础上保证较多分蘖成穗,从而促进单位面积有效穗数的增加,提高小麦品质,同时可提高土壤有机质含量。即合理的基肥施用量加上完善的后期追肥比例是实现晚播小麦优质高产的有效途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Yangmai 19 was used as a material to study the effects of different nitrogen application rates on wheat yield components,grain quality and soil physical and chemical properties. The results showed that T3(50∶15∶25∶10) and T5(50∶10∶30∶10) treatments had reasonable allocation of effective ear,kernel number and thousand-grain weight,higher dry matter accumulation and higher final yield. On the basis of a certain amount of total nitrogen,the application amount of base fertilizer was 50% in combination with the application of re-greening fertilizer,and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer increased in the later stage,so the tillering was promoted to ensure more tillering and panicle formation,thereby promoting the increase of effective panicle number per unit area and improving wheat quality and soil organic matter content. In conclusion,reasonable application amount of basal fertilizer coupled with perfect ratio of topdressing fertilizer in later stage was an effective way to achieve high quality and high yield of late sowing wheat.更多还原