【摘要】 以1978年改革开放至1992年社会主义市场经济体制确立为时间跨度,归纳了该时期乡村住宅的营建特征。再以设计竞赛图集为研究样本,从功能、形态、地域性及建造技术四方面概括了这一时期乡村住宅设计的共同特点,发现这一时期的乡村住宅设计不同于集体化时期的"运动式下乡",而是探索了以家庭为生产单位的居住功能模式,并达到一定的专业深度,但"竞赛下乡"却未能实现其指导乡村住宅实践的目标。设计介入失效的根本原因在于技术扶助式的工作方法与乡村住宅实际需求之间存在错位,以及设计主体对改革开放初期村民个体作为住宅营建主体的"自我性"认知不足。设计介入失效也导致政府错失了引导村民有序营建的最佳时机,自此引发的当代乡村营建的一系列现实问题延续至今。更多还原

【Abstract】 Take the establishment of the socialist market economic system from 1978 to 1992 as a time span, this article summarizes the construction features of rural residential housing during this period. Take the design competition atlas as research sample, this article summarizes the common features of rural residential housing design in this period from four aspects, namely function, shape, regionalism and construction technology, it is found that the design of rural residential housing during this period is different from the that during the "Go to Countryside movement" in the collectivization period; instead, it explores the residential function mode that takes the family as the production unit and reaches a certain professional depth, however, "Race to the Countryside" failed to achieve its goal of directing rural residential housing practices. The root cause of design intervention failure is the inconsistency between the technology-assisted working methods and the actual demand of rural residential housing; and the lack of cognition of the "self" of villagers by the main body of residential construction in the early stage of Reform and Opening Up. The failure of design intervention also results that the government missed the best opportunity to guide the villagers’ orderly construction; the consequent series of realistic problems in the construction of the contemporary villages have continued to present.更多还原