【摘要】 针对时速250 km/h动车组车内噪声问题,使用试验和仿真相结合的方法,对其车内声源特性及其贡献量进行分析。首先,通过球形声阵列系统测试分析动车组的车内源强、频谱及分布特性,明确客室端部噪声主要能量集中在中心频率400 Hz~2 000 Hz的1/3倍频带,声源主要位于风挡区域和地板区域。然后,基于统计能量分析(SEA)方法,建立动车组的车内噪声仿真模型。模型中,声源激励采用线路试验实测数据、车体结构声学特性参数由实验室测试确定。进而,将仿真预测结果和声源识别结果进行联合对比,验证仿真模型的可靠性。最后,通过深入分析动车组车内噪声SEA模型的功率输入贡献,并对客室端部的噪声传递进行量化排序,确定各声源的车内噪声量化贡献。结果表明,时速250 km/h动车组的客室端部噪声源主要是轮轨噪声、其次为气动噪声。其中轮轨噪声在50 Hz~100 Hz和315 Hz~5 000 Hz的1/3倍频带贡献量达到80%。所有声源经由地板和风挡连接处传声贡献率为50%、侧墙和顶板贡献率为38%。更多还原

【Abstract】 The interior noise of a 250 km/h internal combustion multiple unit(ICMU) is investigated. The characteristics and contributions of interior noise sources are analyzed by means of test and simulation. Firstly, the intensity,frequency and distribution of the interior noise sources are measured by the spherical acoustic array. The results show that the energy of the interior noise at the end of the coach is mainly concentrated in the 1/3 octave band of 400 Hz-2 000 Hz with center frequencies. And the main sources are identified in the areas of gangway and floor. Then, the interior noise prediction model is established using statistical energy analysis method(SEA). In this model, the applied sound source excitations are from the field measurement results, and the acoustic parameters of the vehicle’s body structures are from the laboratory test results. The prediction results are compared with those of noise source identification and the reliability of the simulation model is verified. Finally, based on the verified model, the contributions and transfer paths for different source input at the rear of the coach are analyzed. The results show that the main noise sources at the rear end of the coach of the250 km/h ICMU are wheel/rail rolling noise, followed by aerodynamic noise. And the contribution rates of the wheel/rail rolling noise are 80 % in the 1/3 octave band of 50 Hz-100 Hz and 315 Hz-5 000 Hz with center frequencies. The contribution rates of the noise sources through floor and gangway are 50 %, and those through sidewall and roof are 38 %.更多还原