梨轮纹病和炭疽病是梨果贮运过程中常见的两个重要病害,危害严重。本研究采集江苏省淮阴区、淮安区、盱眙县三地梨园病叶、病果、健叶、健果和土壤样本75份,分离纯化后得到365个细菌分离物。采用对峙生长法,测定细菌分离物对梨轮纹病菌和炭疽病菌菌丝生长的皿内抑制作用。采用梨果表面刺伤后接种菌块的方法,测定拮抗细菌对梨果轮纹病和炭疽病的控制作用。结果表明,4株拮抗能力较强的细菌对轮纹病菌菌丝生长的抑制率达73.45%~80.36%,对炭疽病菌菌丝生长的抑制率达72.02%~76.79%。菌株N106-2对黄冠梨和砀山酥梨接种轮纹病菌块后5 d的防治效果达68.58%和56.98%;对黄冠梨接种炭疽病菌块后5 d的防治效果为56.71%。对4株拮抗细菌进行16S r DNA种属鉴定,其中3株为芽胞杆菌属Bacillus,1株为假单胞菌属Pseudomonas。
【英文摘要】
Pear ring rot caused by Botryosphaeria berengeriana and pear anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides are two important postharvest diseases and cause significant economic losses. The aim of this study was to screen and evaluate the antagonistic bacteria against both B. berengeriana and C. gloeosporioides. Three hundred and sixty five isolates were isolated and purified from the diseased leaves and pomes, the healthy leaves and pomes, and soil from the orchards of Huaiyin, Huaian and Xuyi, Jiang...
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