【摘要】 目的了解选择生育的艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染孕产妇的临床特点,探讨预防艾滋病母婴传播的工作模式。方法采用个案调查方法统计252例HIV感染孕产妇的相关资料,包括社会人口学特征、HIV感染确证时间、HIV感染途径、首次CD4+T淋巴细胞(简称CD4细胞)水平、进行母婴阻断抗反转录病毒治疗(ART)的时机,所生婴儿随访至12~18月龄进行HIV抗体检测,判断婴儿HIV感染情况。结果 HIV感染孕产妇以壮族为主占66.27%、初中及以下文化程度者占75.79%、无职业和灵活就业占78.57%、HIV感染确证时间以孕期为主占62.70%、经性途径感染比例高达100.00%,首次CD4细胞<200个/μl的艾滋病孕产妇占24.21%,孕前与孕期抗病毒治疗率占87.70%,产时抗病毒治疗率占12.30%,选择剖宫产分娩占53.97%,252例婴儿均为活产,100.00%给予人工喂养。截至2016年12月年满18月龄以上儿童有166例,其中HIV抗体检测结果阴性有162例、检测结果阳性确证HIV感染有2例、失访有1例、死亡有1例,校正后HIV母婴传播率为1.48%,其余86例18月龄以下儿童正在随访检测当中。结论早期发现HIV感染的妇女是HIV母婴阻断的关键,初中及以下文化程度者、无职业和灵活就业人员是预防HIV母婴传播的重点人群,适时规范的ART治疗,结合安全分娩和人工喂养,可以实现消除母婴传播HIV的目标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To know the clinical characteristics on human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected pregnant women, and to explore work patterns to prevente mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Methods Related date of 252 HIV-infected pregnant women were collected by case study method, including social demographic characteristics and HIV infection confirmed time, HIV infection route, CD4+ T cells(short for CD4 cells) level in the first time, maternal and timing of antiretroviral therapy(ART) in prevention of motherto-child transmission, and HIV antibody in babies was detected after 12~18 months of follow-up, to confirm HIV infection status in babies. Results HIV infection was mainly of the Zhuang nationality, accounting for 66.27%, with 75.79% of junior high school and below education, 78.57% of inoccupation and flexible employment. HIV infection time was mainly during pregnant, accounting for 62.70%, with 100.00% of sexual infection. 24.21% of HIV-infected pregnant women with CD4 cell<200 cells/ μl in first time. There was 87.70 % of patients with antiviral treatment in progestation and pregnancy, 12.30% of patients with antiviral treatment in intrapartum. There was 53.97% of patients with cesarean delivery, with 252 live birth infants, and 100.00% of them received artificial feeding. Up to December 2016, there were 166 children above 18 months, including 162 negative HIV antibody test results cases, 2 positive HIV antibody test results cases and they were diagnosed as HIV infection, 1 lost to follow-up case and 1 death case. Mother-to-child HIV transmission rate was 1.48% after correction, the remaining 86 children under 18 months were still in follow-up detection. Conclusion Early detection of the women infected with HIV is the key to HIV mother-to-child block, people of junior high school and below education, inoccupation, and flexible employmentis are the focus groups to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission. Timely specification of ART, combining with safe delivery and artificial feeding, can realize the goal of elimination of mother-to-child HIV transmission.更多还原