【摘要】 本文基于MODIS卫星遥感数据对渤海海冰资源量进行估算。利用面向对象特征提取法提取海冰面积,运用反照率反演模型计算海冰厚度,进而计算出海冰资源量,并利用Arc GIS对2012冬季至2013年春季渤海海冰资源量时空变化特征进行分析。研究发现:渤海海冰资源量年内变化大,2012冬季至2013年春季资源量为0.84~50.83亿m3。12月及3月海冰资源量小,1月和2月资源量储量丰富,峰值出现在1月中旬。渤海海冰资源量空间差异很大,资源量分布呈辽东湾>渤海湾>中间区>莱州湾。辽东湾海冰资源量占渤海海冰资源量的76.72%,是渤海海冰资源的主要贡献者。此外,海冰资源量受气温影响较大,气温变化会在2天后导致资源量的变化。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate sea ice resources in the Bohai Sea,we used MODIS satellite remote sensing data to examine the spatio-temporal variations of sea ice volume. Sea ice area was extracted by using the ENVI feature extraction method,the sea ice thickness was estimated based on the exponential albedo model,and then sea ice volume was calculated. In addition,the spatiotemporal characteristics of sea ice volume were analyzed with the aid of Arc GIS. The results show that the sea ice formed and expanded from north(Liaodong Bay)to south(Laizhou Bay),and the sea ice coverage varied from 1.96% to 30.20% in the whole Bohai Sea. The values of estimated sea ice thickness were reliable,which was in accordance with the predictions based on Lebedev and Zubov empirical models,and the average sea ice thickness ranged from 5.69 to 23.75 cm. The sea ice volume varied greatly during the 2012/13 winter,ranging from 0.84 × 10~8 to 50.83 × 10~8 m~3. The sea ice volume was small in December and March,while it was large in January and February,especially in mid-January,there appeared a peak of sea ice volume. The spatial distribution of sea ice resources in the Bohai Sea was also uneven,with the descending order of Liaodong Bay>Bohai Bay > Central Zone of the Bohai Sea > Laizhou Bay. The largest sea ice volume was found in Liaodong Bay(accounting for ~76.72% of the entire Bohai Sea). The Liaodong Bay was the main contributor to the sea ice resources of the whole sea area. In addition,we explored the relationship between the sea ice distribution and the real-time meteorological data. The sea ice volume was significantly affected by the air temperature and a 2-day lag effect was found,namely,the variations of sea ice volume may lag behind a weather event for approximately 2 days for the study period.更多还原