【摘要】 为探明川西平原水田两熟区基础土壤地力与水稻产量的关系,以2个杂交籼稻为试验材料,在四川省绵竹市选取2个乡镇高、中、低不同基础地力田块进行试验,研究基础地力和施肥对水稻生育期、生长动态和产量的影响。结果表明:施肥后各地力田块水稻有效穗、穗粒数显著增加,施肥处理较CK大幅增产,增产幅度为低产田>中产田>高产田,高、中、低产田的基础地力贡献率分别为84.4%、82.0%和77.4%。试验地高、中、低产田施肥后分别增产19.8%、22.0%、30.2%。施肥处理有助于水稻提早分蘖,显著增加水稻株高及分蘖数,施肥后总生育期略微延长,高、中、低产田生育期延长程度差异不明显。高产田有效蘖数略高于中、低产田。总体上,水稻产量随基础地力的提升而升高,肥料贡献率为低产田>中产田>高产田,相同施肥处理下低产田增产潜力更大。从产量构成要素看,施肥显著增加水稻有效穗数,是产量提升的主因。更多还原

【Abstract】 To find out the relationship between soil fertility and rice yield in paddy fields of West SichuanPlain, experiments of fertilization in different basic fertility soils were conducted with 2 indica hybrid ricevarieties, to study the effects of basic soil fertility and fertilization on rice growth period, growth dynamic andyield. The results showed that the number of effective panicles and kernels per spike increased significantlyafter fertilization, and fertilization substantially increased the yield compared with CK.The sequence of yieldincreasing rate was low yield field> medium yield field> high yield field. After fertilization in high, mediumand low yield fields, the contribution rate of basic fertility was 84.4%, 82.0% and 77.4%, and the rice yieldincreased by 19.8%, 22.0% and 30.2% respectively. Fertilization helped rice tillering ahead of time.Meanwhile, and it could increase plant height and the number of tillers, the total growth period afterfertilization was slightly prolonged, and the difference of the rice growth period of high, medium and low yieldfields was not obvious. The number of effective tillers in high yield field was slightly higher than that inmedium and low yield field. Overall, rice yield increased with the rise of basic soil fertility and the sequence offertilizer contribution rate was low yield field> middle yield field> high yield field. Under the same fertilization treatment, low yield field had more yield increasing potential. From yield components, fertilizationsignificantly increased the number of effective panicles of rice, which was the main reason for the yieldincrease.更多还原