【摘要】 目的了解宁波市中暑的发生情况和流行病学特征,筛选中暑脆弱人群。方法通过《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》收集宁波市2011-2014年中暑报告病例信息。数据分析采用SPSS 19.0软件,利用t检验和χ~2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果宁波市2011-2014年共报告中暑病例4 415例,死亡13例,年均报告发病率14.51/10万,死亡率0.04/10万;其中报告轻症中暑4 074例(92.28%),重症中暑341例(7.72%),总中暑病死率0.29%,重症中暑病死率3.81%。宁波市中暑报告病例集中在6~8月,各区县中暑报告发病率差异较大,最高为44.47/10万,最低为0.30/10万。中暑发病率随年龄的升高而升高,男性(16.57/10万)高于女性(12.37/10万)。男性和女性重症中暑占总病例的比例分别为10.61%(273/2 573)和3.69%(68/1 842),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=72.096,P<0.05);因中暑死亡病例中,男性共11例,其中6例集中在35~44岁年龄组;女性共2例,年龄均≥65岁。结论宁波市中暑高发,老年人和男性是中暑高危人群,建议关注脆弱人群,尤其是中年男性高温时期的身体健康,完善中暑监测系统,积极应对高温热浪。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of heat stroke among reported cases in Ningbo,and to identify the vulnerable population. Methods Data of reported cases with heat stroke in Ningbo from 2011 to 2014were obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention.ttest and χ~2-test were used to compare the difference of incidence between groups and the data was analyzed by SPSS 19.0. Results A total of 4 415 heat stroke cases were reported during 2011 to 2014with 13 dead cases.The annual incidence and mortality of heat strokes were 14.51 per 100 000 and 0.04 per 100 000.4 074(92.28%)were mild cases and 341(7.72%)were severe ones.The overall mortality of heat stroke was0.29% with 3.81% among those with severe heat stroke.Most cases were reported from June to August,and the incidence of heat stroke varied among different district,with the highest of 44.47/100 000 and the lowest of 0.30/100 000,respectively.The incidence of heat stroke in males(16.57/100 000)was higher than in females(12.37/100 000),and tended to increase with age.10.61%(273/2 573)of male cases and 3.69%(68/1 842)of female cases were severe cases and the difference was statistical significant(χ~2=72.096,P<0.05).11 male cases died and 6 were in the age group of 35-44.Two female cases died and both aged 65 years and older. Conclusions The incidence of heat stroke is high in Ningbo city.Men and the elderly are more vulnerable to heat stroke.In response to heat wave,we should improve surveillance system and focus on the health of vulnerable population,especially the middle aged men.更多还原