【摘要】 目的掌握宁波市江东区社区居民急性胃肠炎的患病及诊疗情况,为急性胃肠炎防控提供理论依据。方法 2013年8月至2014年7月采用入户问卷方式对选定的社区居民过去4周急性胃肠炎发病情况开展调查,统计患病率、发病率,同时对不同水平进行比较。采用SPSS 17.0软件,患病率比较采用χ2检验或Fisher精确概率法,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果本次调查共收回问卷2 400份,发生急性胃肠炎56例,人口标化后4周患病率为2.54%;年发病率为0.33次/人年。不同月份之间急性胃肠炎的患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=54.831,P<0.05),其中8月患病人数最多。各季节间患病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=45.344,P<0.05),秋季患病率高于其他季节。不同年龄组间患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);家庭人口≥3人家庭与1~2人家庭的急性胃肠炎患病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.070,P<0.05);急性胃肠炎患者中食源性的比例为64.29%,主要可疑食物为动物性食物,获取食物的地点主要在家中;急性胃肠炎的就诊率32.14%(18/56),药物使用率67.86%(38/56)。结论宁波市江东区急性胃肠炎的流行状况与国内外其他地区的共同点:发病率较高、低龄人群为高危人群、秋季是高发时段、食源性比例较高;不同点:果蔬及水产品是急性胃肠炎的重要媒介,就诊率偏低。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of acute gastroenteritis among residents in Jiangdong community of Ningbo in order to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of acute gastroenteritis. Methods A face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among residents in Jiangdong district from August 2013 to July 2014 to understand the incidence of acute gastroenteritis in the past four weeks.Chi-square test and Fisher exact test in SPSS 17.0software were used for data analysis. Results A total of 2 400 questionnaires were obtained,56 cases with acute gastroenteritis were reported with the prevalence of 2.54%in 4weeks and annual incidence of 0.33 times per person per year.The monthly incidence of each age group and the seasonal incidence were statistically different(χ~2=54.831,P<0.05),no patient was present in age group of 5-14 years old and majority of cases happened in autumn(χ~2=45.344,P<0.05).The incidence of acute gastroenteritis was also different between household with one to two family member and with three or more members(χ~2=4.070,P<0.05).64.29%(36/56)of cases were reported due to consuming contaminated food,especially animal related food,which was mainly consumed at home.In total,32.14%(18/56)of cases had doctor visit and 67.86%(38/56)did take medicine. Conclusions The incidence of acute gastroenteritis in Jiangdong district of Ningbo is relatively high,younger age individuals are at high-risk and autumn is the peak season,the percentage of food-borne cases is high,especially animal-related food.The doctor visit rate is low.更多还原