【摘要】 采用E3、Er-W、La-W1和La-W2四种材料作为氙灯的阴极材料,研究氙灯点灯一段时间后阴极的烧蚀形貌,分析阴极的烧蚀特征。结果表明:在电压3 000 V,频率3 Hz,电容23μF的条件下点灯100万发次,Er-W氙灯发黑最为严重,La-W2氙灯发黑程度最轻,管壁黑色物质是由阴极发生溅射形成的,成分由大量的WO₃和少量的W组成;烧损后阴极端面的微观组织显示,Er-W阴极端面烧蚀凹坑最大,La-W2阴极的烧蚀坑最小,说明Er-W阴极工作温度较高,喷溅损失的材料较多,La-W2阴极的工作温度较低,材料的稳定性较好,从侧面说明La-W2的电子发射性能好;烧损后阴极纵截面金相组织显示,Er-W再结晶晶粒粗大,La-W2再结晶晶粒细小,细小的晶粒为第二相的扩散提供了更多通道,减轻材料的烧蚀。因此,Er-W阴极的抗烧损性能较差,La-W2阴极的抗烧损性能较好。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper uses four kinds of materials（E3, Er-W, La-W1 and La-W2） as cathode materials of xenon lamp. Ablation morphology of xenon lamp cathode after lighting a period of time is studied. Ablation characteristics of cathode is analyzed. The results show that blackening degree of Er-W xenon lamp is most serious and blackening degree of Er-W xenon lamp is lightest under the condition of 3 000 V, 3Hz and 23 μF after lighting one million times. Black substance is formed by the cathode sputtering and the composition is composed of a large amount of WO₃ and a small amount of W. The microstructure of the cathode surface after ablation shows that the ablation pits size of the Er-W cathode is largest and the ablation pits size of the La-W2 cathode is smallest. This shows that the working temperature of Er-W cathode is higher and the working temperature of La-W2 cathode is lower. The electron emission property of La-W2 cathode is good. The microstructure of the cathode longitudinal section after ablation shows that the recrystallization grain size of Er-W cathode is large and the recrystallization grain size of LaW2 cathode is small. Fine grains provide more channels for the diffusion of the second phase and reduce the ablation of the material. Therefore, the anti ablation property of Er-W cathode is poor and the anti ablation property of LaW2 cathode is better.更多还原