【摘要】 为了深入认识深部巷道中岩爆的发生机制,研发了配备弹性储能模块的岩爆模拟试验系统对含预制圆形巷道(Φ=50mm)4种岩性模型(175mm×175mm×200mm)进行试验,通过调整初始应力水平和加载速率再现了不同岩性巷道岩爆事件.试验过程中利用高速摄像系统对巷道围岩破坏全过程进行实时监测和记录,结合破坏特征对巷道岩爆的发生过程和机理进行了分析和探讨.研究结果表明:巷道的破坏过程中均包含静力破坏、动静混合破坏、动力破坏3种形态,3种形态在破坏全过程时间轴上的显现阶段和显著度不同.对4种岩体岩爆破坏过程进行了阶段划分,揭示了不同力学性质岩体岩爆孕育发生的机制,分析岩爆发生的时间和空间分布特征,发现岩爆体外来能量的补充是岩爆发生的必要非充分条件.冲击倾向性指标R<1强度低弹塑性力学特征岩体的岩爆灾变过程的重现,为具有高支护强度的低强度松散煤体巷道冲击型岩爆灾变发生过程和机理的研究提供了新的认识,提出软弱(松散)岩体岩爆研究应以"围岩结构体"为研究对象.弹性储能模块的研发及研究成果为深部地下工程岩爆机理的研究提供了新的思路和认知.更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to deeply understand the mechanism of rockburst in deep tunnels,a simulation test system equipped with energy storage devices was used in the modelling experiments on four materials models(175 mm×175 mm×200 mm)with a prefabricated tunnel(Φ=50 mm).The entire process of rockburst was reproduced by adjusting the initial stress level and loading rate.In the process of test,a high-speed camera system was operated to real-time monitoring the failure process of the tunnel and recording the data.The occurrence and mechanism of rockburst of different models were analyzed and discussed,combined with the failure characteristics.The following research findings are presented.The failure process of the models includes three forms of static failure,static and dynamic mixing failure,and dynamic failure.The three shapes show different stages and variant degrees on the time axis of the process.The mechanism of rockburst is revealed by dividing the phases of four kinds of materials.By analyzing the time and space distribution characteristics,it is found that the addition of external energy isanecessary but not sufficient condition for rockburst.The disaster process studies of the low strength of elastic-plastic mechanics rock mass,with a R<1 impact proneness index,provide a new insights into the research on impact rockburst mechanism of the low strength and loose coal tunnel with high support strength.The viewpoint is put forward that"the surrounding rock structure"should be the object for weak(loose)rock mass.The development of elastic energy storage device and results provide a new train of thought and cognition for the study of rockburst mechanism in deep underground engineering.更多还原