【摘要】 培育我国居民的自主自律的健康行为、提高居民的健康素养,是"健康中国"的一个重要组成部分。我国儿童患病数每年约占总体患病人数的20%左右,生活中儿童用药情况非常多见。因此,我国儿童安全用药的现状及我国儿童安全用药情况与发达国家的差别等问题值得关注。我们依据国内外儿童安全用药的文献,归纳整理了我国儿童安全用药情况存在的问题,并分析了我国及与发达国家儿童安全用药情况的差别。研究发现,我国存在诸多不符合安全用药的情况,具体包括:(1)儿童家长给孩子自行用药;(2)不阅读药品说明书;(3)不能正确存储药品;(4)自行增减用药剂量;(5)给孩子吃过期药。我国与发达国家比较,在以下两个方面有显著差别:(1)儿童家长正确使用药物剂量方面的情况显著好于国外(国内外比例分别为88.8%和59.0%);(2)儿童家长自行给儿童用药的比例显著高于国外(国内外比例分别为48.0%和41.9%)。我们认为,加大对我国儿童家长的安全用药知识的普及工作,以减少儿童家长自行购药的情况,同时让家长充分了解儿童用药的各方面讯息,有助于实现"健康中国"的战略目标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cultivating self-dependent health-related behaviors of our citizens and improving their healthy qualities are important factors in "Health China". Annually, children in China being attacked by a disease take up 20% of all patients and it is very common for children to take medicines. Therefore, it is of worth to pay attention to the safe use of drugs of Chinese children and the differences between our country and foreign ones in this aspect. According to relevant literatures, we summarized the problems exist in the safe use of drugs for children and the differences between our country and developed countries about this. It is found that improper usage of drugs exists in our country:(1) parents giving medicines to their children by themselves;(2) not refer to instructions of medicines;(3) being unable to store medicines correctly;(4) altering the amount of medicines their children take as their thought;(5) giving expired medicines to their children. Compared to developed countries, two distinct differences exist:(1) more Chinese parents have a good control of the amount of medicines that should be taken(88.8% for inland, while 59.0% for abroad);(2) the proportion of parents who give medicines to children by themselves is higher than their foreign counterparts(48.0% for inland, while 41.9% for abroad). We held the view that both popularizing the knowledges of the use of drugs for parents to make less self-purchase of drugs and making parents fully understand the drugs for children can facilitate the strategic target of "Health China".更多还原