【摘要】 为了确定双挂汽车操纵稳定性的评价指标并进行横向稳定性分析,在分析国外多挂汽车列车研究现状的基础上,分别总结了结构参数和使用参数以及各种主动控制策略对多挂汽车列车横向稳定性的影响。与中国汽车列车操纵稳定性评价方法相比,针对多挂汽车列车增加了后部放大系数（RWA）和轨迹偏移量（Off-tracking）2种横向稳定性评价指标;构建了横摆运动和侧向运动的双挂汽车列车动力学模型,仿真阶跃响应下各个车辆单元侧向速度、横摆角速度、侧向-横摆相轨迹、侧向加速度以及铰接角的变化,并分别计算以横摆角速度和侧向加速度为基准的RWA值,将计算结果与国外相关研究文献进行了比较。结果表明:当牵引车和一挂车的侧向速度最大值分别为1.15,0.89m·s^-1时,对应拖台和二挂车的侧向速度最大值分别为2.81,1.31m·s^-1,证明其为双挂汽车列车发生失稳的主要影响因素;由横摆角速度、侧向加速度对应的RWA值分别为1.14和1.54可知,以侧向加速度为基准的RWA值更能反映车辆的后部放大状态;由牵引车与一挂车之间的铰接角为5.9°,拖台与二挂车之间的铰接角为9.6°,而一挂车与拖台之间的铰接角恢复到0可知,一挂车与拖台的链接形式比第5轮式的铰接形式更稳定,且恢复到稳定状态时间更短;研究结果可为双挂汽车列车操纵稳定性评价指标的确定及应用提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to determine evaluation index of handling stability in tractor and double trailer combination and carry out the lateral stability analysis,based on analyzing research status of heavy combination abroad,effects of structural parameters,operation parameters and a variety of active control strategies on lateral stability of vehicle combination were summarized.Compared with the evaluation method of handling stability of tractor-trailer combination in China,rearward amplification（RWA）and Off-tracking of multi-articulated heavy combination were obtained.By establishing the dynamics model including yaw and lateral movement of tractor and double trailer combination,simulation of step response in each vehicle unit was completed,including variables of lateral velocity,yaw rate,lateral-yaw phase plane trajectory,lateral acceleration and articulation angle.The RWA values on the basis of yaw rate and lateral acceleration werecalculated,and compared with values mentioned in relevant literatures abroad.The results show that when the maximum lateral velocities of tractor and the first trailer are 1.15m·s^-1 and 0.89m·s^-1 respectively,the maximums of corresponding dolly and the second trailer are 2.81m·s^-1 and 1.31 m ·s^-1 respectively,indicating that the latter is the main factor for the instability of tractor and double trailer combination.The RWA values of yaw rate and lateral acceleration are 1.14 and 1.54 respectively,with demonstrating that lateral acceleration can better reflect the state of rearward amplification.The facts that the articulation angle between tractor and the first trailer is 5.9°,the articulation angle between dolly and the second trailer is 9.6°,and the articulation angle between the first trailer and dolly restores to zero,indicate that the connection between the first trailer and dolly is more stable than that of the fifth wheel,with shorter time restoring to the steady state.The result provides a reference for the determination and application of evaluation index in handling stability of tractor and double trailer combination.更多还原