【摘要】 目的探讨营养健康教育和针对性营养指导对孕妇营养状况和母婴结局的影响,为孕期营养教育提供科学依据。方法选取2012年3月-2015年2月在该院接受定期孕检的孕妇300名为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组各150例。对照组参加常规孕期生理卫生知识学习,观察组在对照组的基础上接受营养健康教育和针对性营养指导。比较两组孕妇晚期膳食构成和营养素摄入情况,妊娠期并发症、分娩后贫血的情况,比较两组分娩方式和新生儿体重。结果观察组孕妇孕晚期谷类、水果、蔬菜及蛋类摄入量高于对照组,粗粮、鱼虾、动物肝脏的摄入频率高于对照组,蛋白质、维生素C、钙、铁摄入量高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组孕妇妊娠期高血压疾病和妊娠期糖尿病的发病率低于对照组,观察组孕妇分娩后贫血发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组自然分娩率高于对照组,剖宫产率低于对照组,观察组正常体重新生儿比例高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论营养健康教育和针对性营养指导可促进孕妇孕期膳食的合理摄入,改善孕妇孕期的营养状况,降低妊娠期并发症的发生率,增加自然分娩率,改善妊娠母婴结局。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effect of nutrition and health education combined with targeted nutrition guidance on the nutritional status of pregnant women and maternal and infantile outcomes,provide a scientific evidence for nutritional education in pregnant women.Methods A total of 300 pregnant women in the hospital from March 2012 to February 2015 were randomly assigned into observation group and control group using random number table.The women in control group received physiological knowledge and health education only,while the women in observation group received additional nutrition and health education combined with personalized nutrition guidance on the basis of the service provided to those in control group.The dietary composition and nutrient intake at late trimester of pregnancy,complications of pregnancy,incidence rates of anemia after delivery,delivery modes and neonatal weights were compared between the two groups.Results Cereals,fruits,vegetables and egg intake in observation group was higher than those in control group.Also,the intake frequency of whole grains,fish,and animal liver in observation group was higher than that in control group.In addition,protein,vitamin C,calcium and iron intake in observation group was higher than that in control group.All these differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).The incidence rates of hypertension,diabetes,and anemia in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group(all P<0.01).The spontaneous labor rate among women in observation group was higher than that in control group,while the cesarean section rate was lower than that in control group.And the proportion of normal weight newborns in observation group was higher than that in control group.The proportion of normal weight newborns in observation group was higher than that in control group.All these differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Nutrition and health education combined with personalized nutrition guidance can promote the appropriate intake and improve the nutritional status of pregnant women during pregnancy so as to reduce pregnancy complications,increase the natural delivery rate,and finally improve the maternal and infantile outcomes.更多还原