【摘要】 雷公藤属植物是中药免疫抑制剂的首选原料药材。近年来,由于生态环境破坏和人为过度采挖,雷公藤属植物野生资源急剧减少,濒临灭绝,因此亟需保护其野生资源和评价其遗传多样性。本文通过简单重复序列分子标记(simple sequence repeat,SSR)探讨了28个雷公藤属植物野生居群(9个省共计396个样本)的遗传多样性和遗传结构。结果表明,雷公藤属植物具有较高遗传多样性水平,多态百分比(PPL)为77.29%,Shannon’s信息指数(I)为0.639 4,平均基因杂合度(H)为0.359 9。雷公藤属植物居群间存在较高的遗传分化,平均基因流(N_m)为0.228 7。Nei’s遗传距离构建群体聚类树和Structure聚类分析表明28个居群可分为6支系,昆明山海棠主要被分成四川、云南、贵州-重庆3支,东北雷公藤单独聚为1支,雷公藤被分成2支,其中过渡类型LQ和NY被单独聚为1支。本文为雷公藤属植物野生资源保护、遗传多样性研究和分子标记辅助育种等方面的研究提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The genus Tripterygium is an immune suppressor in the Chinese traditional medicines. Due to the habitat destruction and anthropogenic over-exploitation, the wild genus Tripterygium plants have decreased dramatically in recent years or even been endangered. It is critical to evaluate and protect genus Tripterygium wild resource. In this research, simple sequence repeat(SSR) molecular markers were applied to the investigation of the genetic diversity and genetic structure of 28 populations for genus Tripterygium(396 samples from 9 provinces in China). We found a high level of genetic diversity(percentage of polymorphic loci PPL = 77.29%, Shannon’s information index I = 0.639 4; Nei’s expected heterozygosity H = 0.359 9) and high genetic differentiation among the populations(gene flow N_m = 0.228 7). Based on Nei’s genetic distance, the phylogenic tree of populations was constructed and 28 populations were divided into 6 clusters according to STRUCTURE clustering analysis. T. hypoglaucumwas was mainly divided into 3 clusters, including Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou- Chongqing. T. regelii was separated to cluster 4, while T. wilfordii was divided into two clusters: the transition type LQ and NY were divided into cluster 5, and the others were in cluster 6. These results provide a theory basis for the conservation of wild resource, research of genetic polymorphism and molecular marker for assisted breeding of genus Tripterygium.更多还原