【摘要】 目的 回顾性调查分析广州市院外急救患者的流行病学特点,为提高院外急救能力,优化急诊疾病防治策略提供依据。方法 收集2015年广州市急救医疗指挥中心系统数据库中广州市中心城区所有院外急救患者的资料,分析急救出车的时间分布,患者性别、年龄、疾病谱和死亡原因等。结果 在158452次出车中,日时间分布以08:00~11:00(平均每小时8024次,占5.06%)和20:00~23:00(平均每小时7976次,占5.03%)为出车的高峰时段,05:00~06:00(3600次,占2.27%)为最低。地区分布以白云区出车数量最多(42812,占27.02%),其次是海珠区(30316,占19.13%)、天河区(26890,占16.97%)。男女呼救比为1.43:1(79325vs.55530)。年龄分布上以70岁以上(27.22%)及21~30岁(17.97%)患者所占比例较高。前5位呼车原因依次为外伤(12.70%)、车祸(10.52%)、晕厥(9.91%)、活动障碍(7.52%)和昏迷(7.43%)。在138586例院外急救患者中,共死亡6776例,占4.89%。死因顺位依次为循环系统急症4544例(占67.06%),创伤类792例(占11.69%),神经系统急症667例(占9.84%),呼吸系统急症268例(占3.96%),内外科其他急症234例(占3.45%),其他急症133例(占1.96%)。结论 不断完善院外急救系统建设,提高院外急救的技术水平与常见急危重症患者早期识别能力,从而提高院外急救成功率;根据不同时段呼救出车量的变化和疾病谱,科学合理地安排院外急救工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To retrospectively analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pre-hospital emergency care in Guangzhou, provide the basis for the strategies of optimizing the prevention and treatment of common emergency and improve the pre-hospital emergency care capability. Methods We collected the patients data from Guangzhou Emergency Medical Rescue Command Center and analyzed the profiles of patients who received pre-hospital first aid in central districts of Guangzhou in 2015, including gender, age, disease spectrum, the cause of death and time of departure for ambulance cars. Results Among 158452 times of ambulances dispatches, it peakd at 09:00 to 11:00[8024 times per hour(5.06%)] and 21:00 to 23:00[7976 times per hour(5.03%)],but lowest at 05:00 to 06:00[3600times per hour(2.27%)].The first three districts for dispatching were Baiyun district[42812(27.02%)],Haizhu district[30316(19.13%)] and Tianhe district [30316(19.13%)],respectively. Among 138586 cases of pre-hospital emergency medical care, sex ratio was 1:0.7(male:79325, female: 55530).Patients aged>70 years(27.22%) and 20-30 years(17.97%) were the predominant population. The major causes of emergency were wound(12.70%),traffic accident(10.52%), syncopal(9.91%),activity barrier(7.52%) and coma(7.43%). There were 6776 of 138586 cases who recieved pre-hospital emergency medical care deaths(4.89%).the major causes of death were circulatory system diseases[4544(67.06%)],trauma[792(11.69%)], neurological emergence illnesses [667(9.84%)], respiratory diseases [268(3.96%)],physicians and surgeons unclassified diseases [234(3.45%)],and unclassified diseases [133(1.96%)]. Conclusions In order to improve the fullrescue success rate,it is needed to perfect the construction of pre-hospital emergency care system, improve the professional skills of pre-hospital first aid and identification ability for critical illness.Pre-hospital emergency should be scientifically and reasonably managed based on the frequency of emergency calls and disease spectrum.更多还原