【摘要】 新乡黄河湿地鸟类国家级自然保护区是多种鸟类迁徙的重要停栖站。为了弄清保护区内鸟类的多样性,2014年1月~2016年12月,采用样线法和样点法,对保护区鸟类种类、数量及栖息地进行了调查。共记录鸟类17目41科126种,其中国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类3种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类18种,列入中日、中澳候鸟保护协定的鸟类分别为62种和13种。居留型:夏候鸟占27.78%,冬候鸟占18.25%,旅鸟及留鸟均占26.98%。区系分析:古北种占54.76%,广布种占32.54%,东洋种占12.70%。沼泽水域的Shannon-Weaver指数、Pielou均匀性指数均高于荒滩草地及村庄农田。G-F指数法表明村庄农田的鸟类在科属水平上多样性最高,荒滩草地的鸟类组成上单种科较多。沼泽水域与其他两种生境的鸟类群落相似性较低,荒滩草地与村庄农田的鸟类组成相似性较高。鉴于保护区位于人口稠密地区,鸟类面临着较大的生存压力,为此提出了一些保护性建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Xinxiang Yellow River Wetland Bird National Nature Reserve( XNNR) is an important stopover site for many species of birds. To describe the bird diversity at XNNR,we surveyed birds using line transects and point counts in three typical habitats( marsh and open water,scrub and grassland,village and agricultural field) from January 2014 to December 2016. We recorded a total of 126 species representing 41 families and 17 orders. Among these,three species are Class I national protected,18 species are Class II national protected. Birds listed in the Sino-Japanese,Sino-Australian migratory bird protection agreement were 62 species and 13 species,respectively. Thirty-four species are residents( 27%),23 species are winter migrants( 18%),35 species are summer migrants( 28%),and 34 species are passage migrants( 27%). In term of avifauna,Palaearctic species accounted for 55%,widespread species accounted for 33%,and oriental species accounted for 13%. Diversity and evenness of marsh and open water were higher than in scrub and grassland or village and agricultural field. The G-F index showed that the birds in the village and agricultural field had the highest diversity of genus and species. The similarity between marsh and open water birds and the other two habitats was lower than between scrub and grassland and village and agricultural field. The Xinxiang Yellow River Wetland is an important site for migrating birds but human activities and environmental changes have a serious impact on wetland birds. In consideration of the fact that the reserve is in a densely populated area,most birds are faced with greater survival pressures,so we put forward some protective recommendations.更多还原