【摘要】 油田专用注汽锅炉是稠油热采的关键设备,注汽锅炉的安全运行、高温高压蒸汽控制以及蒸汽的分配计量是稠油注汽开采的重要技术指标。在注汽锅炉运行过程中为防止蒸汽过热或炉管结垢引起爆管,进行了炉管结垢爆管原因分析。通过分析可知,锅炉的工作参数不合理是导致注汽锅炉处于过热状态的内因;垢层的存在降低了管壁热传导系数,导致管壁温度过热,使得注汽锅炉管壁材料的许用应力降低,最终导致爆管发生。通过对回注水进一步的处理,降低回注水中碳酸盐的含量;更换炉管材料,提高炉管材料耐高温工作性能等整改措施,可以减少注汽锅炉爆管的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Steam furnace is the key equipment used in thermal recovery of heavy oil. The safe running,the control of high temperature and high pressure steam as well as the measurement for distribution of the steam are important technology indexes of thermal recovery of heavy oil. In order to prevent tube rupture caused by the overheating steam or the furnace tube scaling, the reasons for rupture of tube with scaling are analyzed. The results show that the unreasonable working parameters of the boiler result in overheating of steam generator.The scale layer which reduces thermal-conductivity coefficient of tube wall further induces the overheating of tube wall.It results in the decrease of allowable stress of tube wall material and then tube rupture finally. After further treating reinjection water, the content of carbonate in reinjection water is decreased. Changing the furnace tube material and improving the thermo stability of furnace tube material and other measures can decrease the risk of tube rupture of the steam furnace.更多还原