【摘要】 "历史唯物主义"作为"现代唯物主义",其基本内涵应当从"哲学思维方式"的角度来确定,即抛弃一切脱离现实历史的抽象观念,按照社会历史自身的本来面貌理解社会历史问题。然而,历史唯物主义的思维方式并不是经验主义或实证主义的,它不仅与黑格尔的思辨唯心主义针锋相对,更是对费尔巴哈的直观唯物主义的超越。历史唯物主义的理论目标也不是要建构一门类似自然科学的历史科学,而是要寻求和确定"人的解放"或"共产主义"的现实条件,资本主义生产方式批判构成其核心问题,批判性是其基本理论本性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Historical materialism is a modern form of materialism. Its basic content should be appropriately conceived as a philosophical means of thinking,i. e. the comprehension of the problems concerning society and history just as they present themselves and discard all kinds of abstract ideas divorced from the real historical world. The philosophical mode of thinking of historical materialism is neither empirical nor positive. It not only contradicts directly to Hegelian speculative idealism,but also transcends Feuerbach’s contemplative materialism. The theoretical goal of historical materialism does not aim to construct a science of history similar to a natural science,but to discovery,and ascertain the real conditions of human liberation or Communism. Therefore,the critiques of the capitalist mode of production constitute the core issue of historical materialism,that is,critique is the nature of this theory.更多还原